اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﻨﯿﺎد ﻣﺴﺘﺤﮑﻢ اﺧﻼق و ﺧﺪﻣﺖ در ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ درآﻣﺪي ﺑﺮ اﺻﻮل، ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎ، ﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﻪﻫﺎ، ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﻪﻫﺎ، ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ و راه ﺣﻞﻫﺎي اﺧﻼﻗﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي در اﺗﺎقﻫﺎي اﻋﻤﺎل ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ(

Operating Room the Base of Morality and the Basis of Humanistic Professional Duties

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه: زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺤﻔﻮظ، اﯾﺰوﻟﻪ و ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم اﻋﻤﺎل ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت، ﺑﻮﯾﮋه در ﻓﻮرﯾﺖﻫﺎ و ﺑﺮاي ﺑﯿﻤﺎران، ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎ و ﺳﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ارﺑﺎب رﺟﻮع و وﻟﯽ ﻧﻌﻤﺘﺎن آن ﺑﯿﻤﺎراﻧﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻔﺎي آﻻم ﺧﻮد را ﻧﺰد ﺧﺪاوﻧﺪ ﺗﺒﺎرك و ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯽ، ﺑﻪ واﺳﻄﻪ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﮑﺎن ﻣﻘﺪس ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﯽآورﻧﺪ. ﺧﺎدﻣﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﺷﻔﺎﺑﺨﺶ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﺎن، ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران، ﺗﮑﻨﯿﺴﯿﻦﻫﺎ و ﮐﺎدر دﯾﮕﺮي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ آرﻣﺎنﻫﺎ و اﻫﺪاف ﺧﺪاﭘﺴﻨﺪاﻧﻪ و اﻧﺴﺎندوﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺎون و ﻫﻤﯿﺎري، ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽﺗﺮﯾﻦ وﻇﺎﯾﻒ ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي و ﺣﯿﺎت ﺑﺨﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ را اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ. ﺟﺮاﺣﺎن ﺷﻤﻊ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﻔﻞ اﻧﺲ، ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﻬﻮﺷﯽ ﺳﮑﺎﻧﺪار اﯾﻦ ﺳﻔﯿﻨﻪ ﻧﺠﺎت، ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﻓﺮﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﺠﺎت ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺤﺮان و ﻃﻮﻓﺎن، ﺗﮑﻨﯿﺴﯿﻦﻫﺎ، ﯾﺎوران ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎن و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻫﻤﺮاﻫﺎن، ﯾﺎران دﻟﺴﻮز و ﻏﻤﺨﻮاري ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎدﺑﺎنﻫﺎ را ﺑﺮاﻓﺮاﺷﺘﻪ و ﻋﺮﺷﻪ را ﺗﺎ ﻋﺮش ﺧﺪاوﻧﺪ ﻣﯽآراﯾﻨﺪ. ﺗﻤﺎم وﻇﺎﯾﻒ در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻄﯿﺮ، ﻫﻤﻪ اﻋﻀﺎء ﻣﻔﯿﺪ و ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز، ﻋﻤﻮم ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎ ﺿﺮوري، ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺑﺎ ارزش، ﮐﻞ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﺣﺴﺎس، ﻣﺠﻤﻮع آداب ﻣﺤﺘﺮم و ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ و ﻣﻘﺮرات ﻻزم اﻻﺟﺮاء ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻣﻘﺮرات ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي، ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ و ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز در اﯾﻦ ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ، آن را از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ اﻣﺎﮐﻦ و ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺼﯽ- درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت و ﻣﻤﺘﺎز ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﻮازﯾﻦ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ، اﺣﺘﺮام ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ و ارزشﻫﺎ، ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪي ﺑﻪ اﺻﻮل ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي و اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﻫﻤﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ و ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻮم ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﺣﺮف ﺳﻼﻣﺘﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ و ﻻزم اﺳﺖ، در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﺿﺮورﺗﯽ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ و ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺘﯽ وﯾﮋه و اﻫﻤﯿﺘﯽ واﻻﺗﺮ دارد. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻼش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﯿﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ، ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و ارزﺷﯽ، ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎي اﺧﻼﻗﯽ، اﺻﻮل ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي، ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﺿﺮوري، ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي اﺧﻼﻗﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﺟﺮاح ارﺷﺪ، ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﻬﻮﺷﯽ، ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﺧﻼﻗﯽ - ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي زﯾﺮ ﺗﺨﺼﺺﻫﺎي ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ، اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﯾﻤﻨﯽ، ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻻزم اﻻﺟﺮاي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ و ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ، ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ و ﺣﻞ ﺑﺤﺮانﻫﺎ و ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ، اﺧﻼﻗﯿﺎت ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ، ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪي ﻣﻔﯿﺪ و اﺟﺮاﺋﯽ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮام ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻮم ﺟﺮاﺣﺎن ﺑﺰرﮔﻮار و ﺧﺪوم و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺷﺮﯾﻒ ﺗﯿﻢ ﻫﻤﮑﺎر و ﻫﻤﯿﺎر در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ و تقديم گردد ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﮐﯿﻔﯽ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ - ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﻤﯿﺘﻪ اﺧﻼق ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺟﺮاﺣﺎن ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ ﺷﺪ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ دﯾﺪﮔﺎهﻫﺎي 18 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺟﺮاﺣﺎن و ﯾﮏ ﻧﻔﺮ از ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﮐﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ از 30 ﺳﺎل ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ و ﯾﺎ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ و ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ در دورهﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزش دﺳﺘﯿﺎري داﺷﺘﻨﺪ، در ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺑﻪ روش ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي، ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺪ واژهﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ، از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ داﺧﻠﯽ )ﮐﺘﺐ، ﻣﺠﻼت ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ و ﻻﺗﯿﻦ( و ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ، در ﻣﺤﺪوده 20 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎل 1396 ﺷﻤﺴﯽ )2017 ﻣﯿﻼدي( ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ و اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪ. ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻦ ﻣﻮرد اﺗﻔﺎق ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺑﻪ روش دﻟﻔﯽ در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج، ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي، ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﺎً 65 ﻋﻨﻮان، ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻬﻢ، ﮐﺪ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ، ﯾﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ ﻧﻤﻮد. در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي در ﮐﺪ واژهﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ، از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ داﺧﻠﯽ و ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺟﻤﻌﺎً 172 ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ دﯾﮕﺮ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺣﺬف ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻦ ﺗﮑﺮاري و ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ، در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ 237 ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﻪ روش دﻟﻔﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻓﻮق ﻗﺒﻼً در 14 ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻠﯽ )ﻣﺤﻮر ﮐﻼن( ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي در ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻦ ﮐﻠﯽ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح زﯾﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ و ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ: ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ، اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت و ﻣﻘﺮرات داﺧﻠﯽ - اﺻﻮل و ﻣﻮازﯾﻦ و ارزشﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ، ﻣﺼﺎدﯾﻖ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ - ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﺿﺮوري اﺧﻼﻗﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي رﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺑﯿﻬﻮﺷﯽ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ - اﺻﻮل اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﻧﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﺮ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت و ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ - اﺻﻮل اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك و وﯾﮋه ﺣﺮف ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺑﯿﻬﻮﺷﯽ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ - اﺻﻮل اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ - اﺻﻮل اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﺴﯿﻦﻫﺎ و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺷﺎﻏﻞ در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ - ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ و ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ ﻻزم اﻻﺟﺮاء در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ - اﺻﻮل اﯾﻤﻨﯽ و ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ - ﻣﺸﮑﻼت، ﻣﻌﻀﻼت، ﺑﺤﺮانﻫﺎي اﺧﻼﻗﯽ در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ، ﻋﻠﻞ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ، ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي و راه ﺣﻞ آﻧﻬﺎ - ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ آﻣﻮزش دﺳﺘﯿﺎري در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ- ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي وﯾﮋه ﺗﺨﺼﺺﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺑﯿﻬﻮﺷﯽ )ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ زﻧﺎن و زاﯾﻤﺎن، ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن، ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ اﺳﺘﺨﻮان و ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ، ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ اﻋﺼﺎب، ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ، ﻣﺠﺎري ادراري و ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﯽ، ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﮔﻮش و ﺣﻠﻖ و ﺑﯿﻨﯽ و ﺳﺮ و ﮔﺮدن، ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻤﯽ و ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ، ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﻗﻠﺐ و ﻋﺮوق و ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺻﺪري، ﺷﻌﺐ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ و ﻓﻠﻮﺷﯿﭗﻫﺎي رﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﯿﻬﻮﺷﯽ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ(، اﺧﻼق در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ. ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﻬﻢ، ﮐﺪﻫﺎي اﺧﻼﻗﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي، ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ و راه ﺣﻞﻫﺎ در ﻫﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺼﯿﻞ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿـﺮي: ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ، ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ، ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ، ﻧﻬﺎدﯾﻨﻪﺳﺎزي و اﻟﺘﺰام ﺑﻪ اﺻﻮل و ارزشﻫﺎ و ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي و ﻣﺼﺎدﯾﻖ ﺧﺎص آﻧﻬﺎ در اﺗﺎقﻫﺎي اﻋﻤﺎل ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ، ﺿﺮورﺗﯽ ﻣﺒﺮم و داﺋﻤﯽ و در ردﯾﻒ ارزشﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻟﯽ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﻣﻘﺪس ﻃﺐ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺠﻠﯽ ارزشﻫﺎي ﻧﻮراﻧﯽ از اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺮﻫﻮن دراﯾﺖ، ﺗﺪﺑﯿﺮ، ﺗﻼش، ﮐﺴﺐ داﻧﺶ اﺧﻼق ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪي و ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ اﺻﻮل ﺣﺮﻓﻪايﮔﺮي و ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ و ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻋﻀﺎي ﺗﯿﻢ و ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران، ﭘﺰﺷﮑﺎن و ﺗﮑﻨﯿﺴﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﮑﺴﻮت و ﻣﺠﺮب ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﻧﻘﺾ ارزشﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻟﯽ، ﺑﺮوز ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻧﺎﮔﻮار و ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب، ﺑﺤﺮانﻫﺎي ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪه، اﺧﺘﻼف ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه و ﻫﺮ آن ﭼﻪ ﮐﻪ دور از ﺷﺌﻮن و ﮐﺮاﻣﺎت ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﻣﻘﺪس ﻃﺐ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، وﻇﯿﻔﻪ ﺧﻄﯿﺮ و ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ و ﻓﺮاﮔﯿﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻮم اﻋﻀﺎي ﺗﯿﻢ ﻫﻤﮑﺎر و ﻫﻤﯿﺎر در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺳﻨﮓ ﺻﺒﻮر، ﭘﯿﺮ ،دير، الگوي مقتدا، پرچمدار اخلاق، مظهر معنويت و سمبل رفتار شايسته و كردار نيكو در جميع ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه ﻓﻀﺎي آراﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ارزشﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻟﯽ اﻟﻬﯽ و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ، ﻫﻤﺎﻧﺎ ﺟﺮاح اﺳﺖ.

Introduction & Objective: Operating room (OR), is an isolated, secured, specialized and Holy environment in which, surgical patients are accepted, operated, and managed with highest dignity, respect and compassion. Ethical and professional issues pertaining to anesthesia, surgery, and optimal care of patients at OR, are unique, critical and controversial. Defining, approving and application of surgical codes of ethics, professional principles and moral values is mandatory in situations specific to OR. Unethical and unprofessional behavior, in any form or by any means, is forbidden by all members of o‎r team. This article reviews these priciples with respect to all pertinent processes in o‎r during the preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative periods. Materials & Methods: The study designed and conducted by an expert group of ethics committee of Iranian Surgical Association and were further enhanced by internal and external experts. Lists of relevant ethical issues were developed by literature review of recent 3 decades, and ordered in main categories by focus group discussion. Fundamental ethical and professional principles, accepted and preferential moral values, and unethical behaviors, were established and arranged in order of priority. Results: We identified 14 main categories of fundamental ethical and professional principles, 237 preferential issues, and several important sub-topics. Main categories are as below: 1. o‎r ethics organizational structure 2. Fundamental ethical principles and moral values 3. Fundamental ethical practice of anesthesiology in o‎r 4. Fundamental surgical ethics in o‎r 5. Interprofessional collaboration and communication in o‎r 6. Surgeons and Anesthesiologists common ethical and professional responsibilities in o‎r 7. Ethical and professional responsibilities of o‎r nursing 8. Technician duties and and professional ethical responsibilities in o‎r 9. Standards of practice, Legal and Professional aspects of o‎r duties 10. o‎r safety and guideline of safe surgery: ethical and professional obligations 11.OR conflicts: roots, prevention, mamagement strategies and instant value-based resolution 12.Ethical principles special to residency education at o‎r 13.Principles of ethical and professional cpnduct in different surgical disciplines 14.Ethical aspects of surgical research at o‎r Each main category followed by a list of relevant, specialized codes, ethical principles, moral values, professional regulations, or other topics, and was concluded at discussion section of the article. Conclusions: Recognition and regard the principles of surgical ethics and professionalism have become a central area of attention by Iranian Surgical Association. This study is a guide to widely accepted recommendations, applicable in anesthesiology, general surgery, nursing, technicians, and various other surgical and anesthesiology disciplines, as well as other o‎r team members.