ارزيابي عملكرد زماني و مكاني بهره‌برداري و مديريت تحويل آب در شبكه آبياري يامچي اردبيل

Evaluation of Spatio-Temporal Performance and Water Delivery Management of Yamchi Irrigation Network in Nam, W. H., Hong, E. M. and Choi, J. Y. 2016. Assessment of water delivery efficiency in irrigation canals using performance indicators. Irrig. Sci. 34, 129-143.Ardabil Province

براي ارزيابي عملكرد بهره ­برداري از شبكۀ آبياري يامچي، حجم آب تحويل داده شده به واحدهاي زراعي در دورۀ بهره ­برداري سال­هاي 91-90 تا 94-93 و تغييرات سطح زيركشت محصولات مختلف تهيه شد و پس از برآورد نياز آبي محصولات با استفاده از روش پنمن-مانتيث-فائو، شاخص­ هايي همچون تأمين نسبي منابع آب، تأمين نسبي آب آبياري، نسبت حجم آب تحويلي و نسبت رطوبت قابل دسترس محاسبه شدند. نتايج بررسي­ها نشان مي­دهد كه شاخص تأمين نسبي آب آبياري حدود 4/0 و 5/0 و شاخص تأمين نسبي منابع آب حدود 5/0 و 6/0 به­ترتيب در دو سال آخر دورۀ بهره ­برداري بوده است كه نشان مي­دهد حدود 50 درصد كمتر از نياز آبي محصولات، آب تحويل شبكه شده است. در طول دورۀ چهار سالۀ بهره ­برداري، سهم بارندگي در تأمين نياز آبي محصولات در دو ماه اول (ارديبهشت و خرداد) بيشتر از دو ماه انتهايي (تير و مرداد) آن بود. ارزيابي عملكرد زماني و مكاني تحويل و توزيع آب در شبكه با استفاده از تصويرهاي ماهواره­اي و تفسير آنها نشان مي­دهد كه در سال­هاي آخر بهره ­برداري، سطحي وسيع از اراضي دچار خشكي شديد بوده است و نيز اينكه سطح زمين­هاي با تأمين كامل نياز آبي كاهش يافته است.

In order to evaluate the performance of Yamchi irrigation network located at the downstream of Ardabil reservoir dam, the necessary data with regards to water delivered to irrigated areas during four operating years (2012-2015) and cropping pattern variability of cultivated crops were acquired from Ardabil Regional Water Authority. Next water requirement of crops was estimated using Penman-Montith-FAO method and then performance of the irrigation network was evaluated by different performance indices such as Relative water supply (RWS), Relative irrigation supply (RIS), Water delivery index (WDI) and Ratio of moisture availability. The results showed that the performance indices in last two years were 0.4 and 0.5 for RWS and 0.5 and 0.6 for RIS respectively. This indicates that water delivered to the crops through irrigation network was up to 50% less than their requirements. Rainfall contribution to crop water requirement in the first two months (May and June) was higher than the last two months (July and August) during the operating period. Delivery and distribution performance evaluation of network with respect to spatial and temporal scale using satellite images showed that the land area due to severe drought increased and that land area depended on irrigation water supply was decreased in the finishing years of project.