ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ و اﺛﺮ آن ﺑﺮ ﻋﻘﺪ ازدواج ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺣﻘﻮق اﯾﺮان

Explaining the Legal Nature of Cosmetic Surgery and its Effects on Relations between Spouses

اﻓﺮاد زﯾﺎدي ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ در ﻇﺎﻫﺮ اﻋﻀﺎء ﺑﺪن ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮاﺗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻢ و ﯾﺎ زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽ دﻫﻨﺪ. ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺪف از ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺨﺼﯽ ﺑﻮده و ﯾﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰاﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﺮف ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻏﻤﺎض و ﻣﺘﻌﺎرف ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﻧﺪارد. وﻟﯽ در ﺻﻮرﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪه ﺧﺎرج از ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎرف و ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﻔﯽ ﮐﺮدن ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ، ﻧﻈﺮ ﻃﺮف ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ را ﺑﺮاي ازدواج ﺟﻠﺐ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ در ﺻﻮرت اﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻻزم ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ از ﻣﺼﺎدﯾﻖ ﺗﺪﻟﯿﺲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ اﯾﻦ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ و اﺛﺮ آن ﺑﺮ راﺑﻄﮥ زوﺟﯿﻦ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آن در ﺻﻮرﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪي ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎرف ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ اﺷﺘﺒﺎه ﻃﺮف ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ در ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺷﻮد ﻋﻘﺪ ﺑﺎﻃﻞ اﺳﺖ و در ﺻﻮرﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ اﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﺸﺪه، وﻟﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﺮف ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺪه زﯾﺎد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﻃﺮف ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﺨﻠﻒ از ﺷﺮط ﺻﻔﺖ ﺻﺮﯾﺢ ﯾﺎ ﺑﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ و در ﺻﻮرﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻓﺮﯾﺐ ﻃﺮف ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺪﻟﯿﺲ ﺑﻮده و ﺧﯿﺎر ﻓﺴﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺗﺪﻟﯿﺲ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. زﯾﺎندﯾﺪه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻮرد ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺧﺴﺎرت ﺧﻮد را از ﺷﺨﺺ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﺰﺷﮏ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد، وﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺳﺒﺒﯿﺖ اﻗﻮا از ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه، ﺷﺨﺼﺎً ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﺟﺒﺮان ﺧﺴﺎرات ﻃﺮف ﻋﻘﺪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد.

Many people use cosmetic surgery to alter the appearance of body organs for restoration or beauty. As long as the goal of cosmetic surgery is personal, there is no legal nature. But in many cases, a surgeon marries a patient by hiding surgery and drawing the opinion of the opposite. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nature of this surgery and its effect on the relationship between couples. According to the results, if a cosmetic surgery leads to a mistake by the other party in the surgical person, the contract is void. If the artificial alteration of traits and surgical properties is made the opponent will have the option of termination due to a violation of the condition of an explicit or constructive attribute. Anyway the lost person can claim damages from the input agent.