اثر عصاره متانولي خارخاسك (Tribulus terrestris) بر عملكرد رشد، تركيبات شيميايي بدن و فعاليت آنزيم هاي آنتي اكسيداني ماهي كفال خاكستري (Mugil cephalus)

Effect of Methanol Extract of Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris) on Growth Performance, Body Chemical Compositions and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Grey Mullet (Mugil cephalus Linnaeus 1758)

در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، اﺛﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻣﺘﺎﻧﻮﻟﯽ ﺧﺎرﺧﺎﺳﮏ Tribulus terrestris در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )ﺑﺪون ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎ 1 ،0/5 و 1/5 ﮔﺮم ﻋﺼﺎره ﺧﺎرﺧﺎﺳﮏ در ﻫﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻏﺬا ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﺷﺪ، ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺪن و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎي آﻧﺘﯽ-اﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﻔﺎل ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮي 1758 Mugil cephalus Linnaeus در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﻪﻣﺪت 60 روز ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در ﻫﺮ ﺗﮑﺮار 20 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وزﻧﯽ 0/43 ± 8/42 ﮔﺮم در ﻣﺨﺎزن 60 ﻟﯿﺘﺮي آب ذﺧﯿﺮهﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪ. در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن دوره آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري در ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ )وزن ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ، درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وزن روزاﻧﻪ، ﻧﺮخ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ، ﻧﺮخ رﺷﺪ وﯾﮋه، ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر وﺿﻌﯿﺖ( ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ )0/05>p(. اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﻘﺎء در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 3 و 4 در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺸﻬﻮد ﺑﻮد. ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﺧﺎم و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر4 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار داﺷﺖ )0/05

In this study, the effect of methanol extract of Tribulus terrestris (MET) in different treatments containing control group (without using plant extract), 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g MET/kg diet on growth performance, body chemical composition and activity of oxidant enzymes of grey mullet Mugil cephalus were investigated in triplicate for 60 days. Twenty water tanks and 20 fish with initial average weight of 8.42 ± 0.43 g were stored per 60 liters. At the end of the experiment, the results showed that there was no significant difference in growth parameters (FW, BWG, PER, SGR and CF), between all treatments and control group (p > 0.05). Increased survival rates were observed in treatments 3 and 4 compared to the control treatment. The crude protein and moisture of treatment 4 significantly increased compared to other treatments (p < 0.05). The crude fat significantly decreased in treatments 3 and 4 compared to control and treatment 2 (p < 0.05). The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) enzymes have been increased more significantly in treatment 4 compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the malondialdehyde (MDA) value was lower in all treatments compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05). MDA value has been the lowest in treatments 3 and 4 compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05). Hence, based on the results, in order to reduce lipid oxidation and improve the carcass duality and survival status of fish, it is recommended to use 15 g methanol extract of Tribulus terrestris/kg diet of grey mullet fish.