بررسي تطبيقي سبك زباني و ادبي كليله و دمنه نصرالله منشي و واعظ كاشفي

A Comparative Study of the Language and Literary Style of Versions of Kalila and Demna by Nasrallah Monshi and Va’ez Kashefi

اين پژوهش تحرير ملاحسين كاشفي از نويسندگان عصر صفوي را كه تحريري ادبي است انتخاب كرده است و قصد دارد از جهت دو محور زباني و ادبي مقايسه اي تطبيقي از اين دو اثر ارائه كند. لازم به ذكر است كه تحرير ملاحسين در كليت و برخي عنوان هاي بلاغي و زباني با ترجمه كليله و دمنه همخواني دارد، امّا به جاي مقيّد بودن صددرصدي به متن مبدا خصائص سبكي دوره صفوي در هند را مدّنظر قرار داده است و نماينده سبك ادبي آن دوران است؛ از اين رو علي رغم برخي تشابهات، تمايزاني هم ميان دو اثر مشهود است. اين پژوهش با روش توصيفي تحليلي سعي در تحليل و تطبيق اين شباهتها و اختلافها دارد.

Kalila and Demna is one of the invaluable works of the Persian literature. As a result, numerous translations and adaptations have been made of this work. Nasrallah Monshi, a 12-century translator, rendered the work from Arabic to Persian. Mulla Hossein Va’ez Kashefi, a writer in the Safavid period, provided an adaptation of Kalila and Demna which is similar to the original work in its entirety and themes but is different in some other respects. However, given the fact that he adopted a paraphrasing approach, from linguistic and literary points of view, this version is a free adaptation of Nasrallah Monshi’s Kalila and Demna. Rather than adhering to the original work, it has followed the writing and technical rules of the Safavid literary period in India, adopting the literary style of that era. Drawing on the abovementioned textual changes, this study aimed at discussing Nasrallah Monshi’s translation and Kashefi’s adaptation of Kalila and Demna from a comparative critical point of view using a descriptive-analytical method. The results indicate that, in his adaptation, Va’ez Kashefi has not adhered to Monshi’s style and, given the peculiarities of the language and the literary style of the Safavid period, has created a different work. Moreover, his free style of writing has distinguished his work from Monshi’s Kalila and Demna.