تحليلي بر تزاحم فضايي در ناحيه گردشگري روستايي برغان

Analytic of Spatial Conflict in the rural tourism area of Barghan

تغيير پوشش اراضي به عنوان عاملي پايه در تغييرات زيست محيطي عمل كرده و به يك خطر جهاني تبديل شده است. در اين پژوهش تغييرات پوشش اراضي در نواحي گردشگري روستايي به وسيله شبكه عصبي، زنجيره ماركوف در نرم افزارهاي arcgis، envi ، terrsetبا بهره گيري از تصاوير سنجنده هاي tm و oli ماهواره لندست در يك بازه 30 ساله براي سه دوره 1985، 2000 و 2015 مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. يافته هاي تحقيق نشان مي دهد كه تغييرات پوشش اراضي در فاصله زماني سال هاي 1985 تا 2015 در پنج كلاس فضاهاي مسكوني، سبز و باغي مسكوني، فضاهاي باير و كوهستاني و ارتباطي طبقه بندي شدند. در اين بررسي مساحت پوشش اراضي كوهستاني و باير(13.25 درصد) كاهش يافته و در مقابل، بر پوشش اراضي سبز و باغي مسكوني(6.221 درصد)، مسكوني (5.258 درصد)، تجاري (1.264 درصد) و ارتباطي (0.529 درصد) افزوده شده است. همچنين يافته هاي حاصل از پيش بيني با استفاده از زنجيره ماركوف ndash; ca نشان داد كه با ادامه روند فعلي و بارگذاري بيش از حد بر زمين، در افق 2030 از پوشش سبز (زراعي؛ باغي و مرتع، باغي و مسكوني) و پوشش باير و كوهستاني كاسته شده و به پوشش هاي مسكوني ويلايي و تجاري افزوده خواهد شد. مبتني بر يافته هاي پژوهش اين نتيجه حاصل شد كه تغييرات پوشش اراضي نواحي گردشگري روستايي در راستاي دستيابي به سود بيشتر به كاربري هاي ناسازگار تبديل شده است. اين تغيير پوشش اراضي علاوه بر اثرات اقتصادي، اجتماعي، منجر به شكل گيري مخاطره زيست محيطي در دهستان برغان شده است.

Land cover changes as a basic factor in environmental change act and has become a global threat. In this research, changes in land cover in rural tourism areas by neural networks, Markov chains in software ArcGIS, ENVI, Terrset using the TM and OLI satellite imagery, Landsat Satellite was surveyed for a period of 30 years for three periods of 1985, 2000, and 2015. The findings of the first stage show that land cover changes at the period 1985-2015, were classified in five class residential spaces, Commercial, Green, Empty and mountainous spaces and communication networks. In this study, the area of mountainous and empty spaces (13.25%) has decreased and in contrast, has decreased the amount of green spaces (6.221%), Residential (5.258%), commercial (1.264%) and communication networks (0.529%). Changing land cover as one of the most important environmental risks has been directly influenced by the Commodification phenomenon. Also, the findings of the prediction using the Markov-CA chain showed that with the continuation of the current and excessive loading on the ground, on the horizon of 2030, green cover (Agriculture, gardens and grassland, garden and residential) and wild land and mountain cover have been reduced and to cover residential and commercial villas will be added. Based on research findings concluded that land cover changes in rural tourism areas in order to achieve more profits has become incompatible applications. This change in land cover, in addition to the economic, social impacts, has led to the formation of environmental hazards in the Bharang area. Developing tourism in the study area by removing agricultural land from the production cycle has led to an increase in urban activities and the formation of new activities (service, Residential Garden, residential villa) instead of traditional activities(agriculture and livestock) that are economical. an‎d by loading too much ecological power tolerable land, while posing environmental hazards, causing incompatible activities next to each other, they do not match. Therefore, tourism, which gradually formed over the years and now it has become a part of rural texture, Spatial Conflict and heterogeneity two strains has created for them. Spatial Conflict created, due to changes in land cover and acceptance of incompatible activities that derive from human-nature relationships. This means that the rapid and unpredictable trend of tourism development, the rural landscape has encountered a problem and with changes in land cover, has led to inconsistencies between different activities and eventually has shaped the Spatial Conflict.