پيش بيني نارسايي هاي شناختي بر اساس اختلالات روان‌شناختي با واسطه گري فراشناخت در سالمندان

Predicting cognitive dysfunction based on psychological disorders by mediating metacognition

پيش ­بيني نارسايي­ هاي شناختي در سالمندان بر اساس اختلالات روان‌شناختي و با واسطه­ گري فراشناخت بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع همبستگي بود و جامعه آماري را كليه سالمندان شهر تهران تشكيل دادند كه 300 نفر با روش نمونه ­گيري تصادفي چند مرحله­ اي انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش شامل چك­ ليست نشانه­ هاي رواني، نارسايي­ هاي شناختي برادبنت و همكاران و فراشناخت ولز بود. براي تحليل داده از روش ­هاي آماري تحليل مسير استفاده شد. نتايج نشان داد كه متغيرهاي مربوط به اختلالات روان‌شناختي يعني وسواسي-اجباري، افسردگي، ترس مرضي، اضطراب و روان­پريشي اثر مستقيم و معناداري بر روي نارسايي شناختي داشتند و متغيرهاي شكايات جسماني، حساسيت در روابط بين­فردي و پرخاشگري اثر مستقيم و معناداري بر نارسايي شناختي در سالمندان نداشتند. همچنين بررسي اثرهاي غير مستقيم نشان داد كه فراشناخت نقش واسطه ­اي در پيش ­بيني نارسايي شناختي در سالمندان دارد (0/01

Cognitive impairment is one of the most common problems of aging, which has a wide range of common disorders of aging, such disorders can seriously affect their psychological, social and physical well-being. The purpose of this study was to predict cognitive deficits in the elderly based on psychological disorders and metacognitive intermediation. The research method was correlational and the statistical population was all elderly in Tehran, 300 of whom were selected by the Multi-stage random sampling method. Measuring instruments were a checklist of psychological symptoms, cognitive failures of Broadbent et al., and meta-cognition of Wells. Statistical analysis was used for data analysis. The results showed that variables related to psychological disorders such as compulsive obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, anxiety, and psychosis had a direct and significant effect on cognitive impairment. The variables of physical complaints, sensitivity in interpersonal relationships and aggression had a direct and significant effect on insufficiency there was no cognitive experience in the elderly. Also, the study of indirect effects showed that metacognition has a mediator role in the prediction of cognitive impairment in the elderly (p <0.01). According to the findings of this study, variables of psychological disorders and metacognition can predict cognitive impairments in the elderly. Therefore, helping methods can identify vulnerable groups of cognitive impairments and provide advice to specialists to understand the causes and causes, and counseling and prevention of cognitive failures.