نسبت مكتب اسلام با فلسفه هنر و زيبايي و آثار هنري (موضوع شناسي، اصول راهبردي، روش هاي كاربردي، ارزيابي آثار)

THE RELATION BETWEEN ISLAM and THE THEORY OF SPACE IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

در اين مقاله مطالبي در تبيين، رابطه فرهنگ اسلامي (كليه مكاتب فكري و اعتقادي ) با فلسفه هنر و زيبايي و ارزيابي آثار هنري، ارائه شده است. سپس به موضوع شناسي مطالب و تبيين رابطه طولي آنها از كليترين مباحث نظري تا ارزيابي آثار هنري پرداخته شده است، در مرحله بعد تفكيك گزاره هاي نظري و عملي و آثار هنري و اصول هر كدام مورد بحث قرار گرفته است. نكته اساسي در اين مقاله تبيين سرچشمه ايده ها و ايده آلهاي هنرمندان است، كه منشاء هنرهاي مذموم يا خنثي و يا ممدوح مي باشند، مقوله فوق با توجّه به حديثي از حضرت علي (ع) صورت پذيرفته است. نكته اساسي ديگر، بحث پيرامون سبكها و روشهاي خلق آثار هنري است و پاسخ به اين سئوال، كه آيا مي توان با داشتن ايده هاي مشترك، از سبكهاي متنوع براي خلق آثار هنري بهره برداري نمود.در مراحل بعد ضمن نقد و ارزيابي مكاتب زيبايي شناسي مختلف از منظر زيبايي شناسي اسلامي، روشهاي تحقيق كمي و سكولاريستي نيز از منظر فرهنگ اسلامي مورد نقد و ارزيابي قرار مي گيرد و در نهايت مطالب جمع بندي مي شود.

Regarding the existing crisis of art and architecture from both theoretical and practical aspects, which are influenced by the dubitative and relativism viewpoints of western culture in new era, could be solved by the school of Islam from all its sides of theory, practice and historical background.To prove the above idea, firstly, the architecture would be introduced as a part of human science due to its relation with art, and then research methods in this science would be considered as a basis, while attending to all its conflicts based on belief and the selection of thoughts. In the next stage, the architectural subjects are discussed from both longitudinal and latitudinal dimensions based on leading principles on each subject. Then the inclusiveness of anthropology, aesthetics and the philosophy of Islamic art is explained based on a comparative evaluation with rival schools of thoughts. Subsequently after giving a perfect definition of architecture, space-geometry ideas is considered as the roots of architectural products, but as considers authenticity for architectural products in relation to human and his needs, establishes appropriate space-geometry ideas for each tools and methods of human perceptions.Finally for proving the proposed ideas, samples of impeccant architecture, the conversion of fire-temples to mosques and the architecture and urbanism of Islamic period have been introduced.