تحليل اثرات اجتماعي- اقتصادي گردشگري تجاري بر شهرهاي مرزي (مطالعه موردي: شهرهاي بانه وسردشت)

Socio- economic effects analysis of commercial tourism on the border towns of the Iran (Case study: Baneh and Sardasht Towns)

گردشگري تجاري فعاليتي است كه در ادوار تاريخ اثرات متعددي بر اوضاع اقتصادي، اجتماعي، فرهنگي شهرها داشته است. شهرهاي مرزي به عنوان دروازه هاي مبادلاتي نقش مهمي در تجارت محلي و منطقه اي دارند و گردشگري تجاري مي تواند نقش بسزايي در توسعه اين مناطق ايفا كند. در سالهاي اخير شهرهاي بانه و سردشت علاوه بر تجارت مرزي به عنوان شهر گردشگري تجاري شناخته مي شوند. هدف از اين پژوهش بررسي اثرات گردشگري تجاري بر وضعيت اقتصادي،اجتماعي و فرهنگي بر اساس ادراك كارشناسان ساكن در شهرهاي مورد مطالعه است. تحقيق از نوع كمي و تحليل آن با استفاده از فرآيند تحليل سلسله مراتبي انجام شده است. با توجه به يافته ها و تحليل مدل AHP مشخص شد كه گردشگري در بعد اقتصادي باعث افزايش اشتغال مستقيم و غيرمستقيم افزايش درآمد ملك شده است. همچنين باعث رشد جمعيت ناشي از مهاجر پذيري و كاهش مهاجرفرستي شده است. در پي اين تحولات و رشد گردشگري بر درآمد مردم افزوده شده است. همچنانكه از نتايج تحليل AHP نيز مشاهده مي­شود افزايش درآمد در ميان متغيرهاي اقتصادي رتبه چهارم را داشته و درشهر سردشت وزن اين متغير 098 /0 و در شهر بانه 102 /0 مي­باشد. به منظور توسعه پايدار در ابعاد اقتصادي و اجتماعي مي­توان با اتخاذ سياست­ها و برنامه­ هاي مناسب گردشگري تجاري توسعه پايدار را محقق ساخت.

Commercial tourism is an activity that has had several effects on the economic, social, and cultural conditions of cities in term of history. Bordering cities as gateways to trade play an important role in local and regional trade, and commercial tourism can play a significant role in the development of these regions. In recent years, Baneh and Sardasht cities have been recognized as a business tourism city in addition to border trade. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of commercial tourism on the economic, social and cultural status based on the perceptions of experts living in the studied cities. The quantitative research was carried out using a Hierarchical Analysis Process Tourism is one of the sectors that have been considered seriously by various countries due to its positive social, cultural and economic effects. The tourism industry, in terms of revenue and impact on the country's economic growth by creating the appropriate infrastructure, seeks to exploit the benefits of this industry. For most of these countries, tourism is an important source of business, income generation, job creation and foreign exchange although this industry has positive effects; it also has negative effects that are simultaneously being taken into consideration by policymakers and planners in this field. This industry is a widespread activity that has important economic, social, cultural and environmental impacts, and each one is debatable. This article aims to examine the effects of commercial tourism development on the northwest border towns. Baneh and Sardasht border towns are among the cities that in recent years, especially since the 1370s, have embraced many social and economic changes influenced by the growth of commercial exchanges and the prosperity of commercial tourism. The purpose of this study was to assess the positive and negative social and economic effects of tourism and, of course, to measure the extent of tourism impact on each of the research indicators in the studied cities. The answer to this question is how tourism is how the socioeconomic conditions of the host societies Affected by the?