مقايسۀ اثربخشي انواع شيوه‌هاي فرزندپروري والدين بر رشد مهارت‌هاي حركتي بنيادي و انگيزش حركتي كودكان

The comparison of effectiveness types of parenting styles on fundamental motor skills development and movement motivation of children

مقدمه : والدين ابتدايي‌ترين و در اكثر مواقع تعيين‌كننده‌ترين عامل انتخاب حركتي كودك و موفقيت او مي‌باشند. بنابراين، هدف پژوهش حاضر، مقايسۀ اثربخشي انواع شيوه‌هاي فرزندپروري والدين بر رشد مهارت‌هاي حركتي بنيادي و انگيزش‌حركتي كودكان بود. روش‌: جامعۀ آماري اين پژوهش، شامل كليۀ والدين و فرزندان پسر 4 الي 6 سالۀ آن‌ها در شهر خرم‌آباد بود كه 240 نفر از آنان به‌روش نمونه‌گيري خوشه‌اي انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوري اطلاعات، شامل پرسش‌نامۀ شيوه‌هاي فرزندپروري بامريند، آزمون مهارت‌هاي حركتي درشت اولريخ- ويرايش دوم، و پرسش‌نامۀ انگيزش‌حركتي كودكان، بود. داده‌هاي پژوهش با استفاده از آزمون‌ تحليل واريانس يك‌طرفه در سطح معناداري(0/05>p)، مورد تحليل قرار گرفت. يافته‌ها: نتايج نشان داد كه شيوه‌هاي فرزندپروري والدين بر رشد مهارت‌هاي حركتي بنيادي (0/001>p)، و انگيزش‌حركتي (0/01

Introduction: Parents are the earliest and most decisive factor in motor selection of children and their success. Therefore, the current study aimed at comparing the effectiveness of parenting styles in fundamental motor skills development and movement motivation of children. Methods: The population of the study included all parents with male children aged 4 to 6 years in Khoramabad city, Iran, of which 240 children were selected using cluster sampling method. Data collection tools included a Baum rind parenting styles questionnaire, the test of gross motor development–2nd edition, and children movement motivation questionnaire. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of < 0.05 was used for statistical data analysis. Results: The results showed that parenting styles had a significant impact on children's development of fundamental motor skills (P < 0.001) and movement motivation (P < 0.001) and children with authoritative and permissive parents compared with their counterparts with authoritarian parents had better motor skills development. Also, more than permissive and authoritarian styles, authoritative parenting style led to increased movement motivation in children; permissive parenting style provide better results in comparison with the authoritarian style. Conclusions: Therefore, education of parenting styles to parents is recommended in order to provide the context of promoting fundamental motor skills development and movement motivation in children.