عنوان به زبان ديگر :
The Effect of Pollen Type of Some Walnut Genotypes on Fruit Set, and Fruit Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of MSG15, MKG23 and MKG24 as Seed Parents
پديد آورندگان :
رسولي، موسي دانشگاه ملاير - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه مهندسي علوم باغباني و فضاي سبز , ارشادي قره لر، بهمن دانشگاه ملاير - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه مهندسي علوم باغباني و فضاي سبز , كريمي، روح اله دانشگاه ملاير - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه مهندسي علوم باغباني و فضاي سبز
كليدواژه :
درصد مغز , ريزش گل‌هاي ماده , گرده‌افشاني , والد گرده‌زا
چكيده فارسي :
براي تشكيل ميوه، باردهي اقتصادي و انجام تلاقي‌هاي هدفمند در گردو بايد گرده‌دهنده‌هايي در باغ‌هاي بذري و پيوندي مورد استفاده قرار گيرند كه با ارقام اصلي همپوشاني گل‌دهي داشته و با توجه به محدوديت طول
عمر تخمك در گردو، در كمترين زمان لقاح صورت گرفته و ميوه تشكيل شود. در اين تحقيق والدهاي مادري
MSG15، MKG 23 و MKG 24با والدين پدريMKG 4، MKG5، MKG10، MKG13، MKG14، MSG15 ، MKG23 و MKG24 به‌صورت كنترل‌شده گرده‌افشاني شدند. اين تحقيق در سال‌هاي 1396- 1395 در باغ تحقيقاتي دانشگاه ملاير واقع
در استان همدان اجرا شد.برخي از خصوصيات خشك ميوه و مغز نيز در نتاج حاصل از تلاقي كنترل‌شده ارزيابي
شد. نتايج نشان داد كه والد مادري MSG15 با والدين پدري (MKG 4 79/33 درصد)، (MKG 5 81/67 درصد) و (MSG15 67/79%)، والد مادري MKG 23 با والدين پدري (MKG 5 67/83 درصد) و (MKG10 67/62 درصد)،والد مادري MKG 24 با والدين پدري (MKG 5 81/67 درصد) و (MKG14 81/33 درصد) بيشترين درصد تشكيل ميوه را داشتند. در‌حالي‌كه والد مادري MSG15 با والدين پدري (MKG13 38/33 درصد)، MKG 23 37/33 درصد) و MKG 24 33/38 درصد)، والد مادري MKG 23 با والد پدري MKG 24 (40/00 درصد) و والد مادري MKG 24 با والدين پدري (MKG10 42/33 درصد) و (MKG 23 42/33 درصد) ريزش بسيار شديد ميوه را نشان دادند. بيشترين وزن ميوه با پوست سبز و وزن تر مغز به‌ترتيب با 590 و 110 گرم در نتاج حاصل از تلاقي والد مادري MSG 15 با والد پدري MKG 5 مشاهده شد. همچنين بيشترين درصد مغز با 61/9 درصددر نتاج حاصل از والد مادري MSG 15 با والد پدري MKG 23 حاصل شد. از طرفي كمترين وزن ميوه با پوست سبز و وزن تر مغز به‌ترتيب با 250 و 50/5 گرم در نتاج حاصل از تلاقي والد مادري MKG 23 با والد پدري MK 24 مشاهده گرديد. كمترين درصد مغز با 28/98 درصددر نتاج به‌دست آمده از تلاقي والد مادري MSG 15 با والد پدري MKG 24 مشاهده شد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background and Objectives
To achieve optimal fruit set, economic productivity and targeted crossings in seedlings and grafted walnut orchards, the flowering time of both male and female flowers and their overlapping is important. Since the walnut ovule longevity is limited, fertilization should occur at the shortest possible periods to lead to fruit set. Therefore, the evaluation of effective pollination periods and the needed time for the growth of pollen tube and ovule fertilization are important for successful fertilization. The aim of this study was to investigate the compatibility and the effect of pollen on some selected genotypes of walnut as pollinizers on the fruit set, fruit composition and the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the progeny derived from MSG15, MKG23 and MKG24 genotypes as maternal parents.
Materials and Methods
This research was conducted in 2016-2017 in the research garden of Malayer University in Hamedan province. In this study, female parents including MSG15, MKG23 andMKG24 were pollinated with pollinizers of MKG4, MKG5, MKG10, MKG13, MKG14, MSG15, MKG23 and MKG24. Some of the characteristics of the fruit and the kernel were also evaluated in the offspring resulting from controlled pollination.
Results
Based on the results, the cross between female parent genotype of MSG15 with pollinizers of MKG4 (%79.33), MKG5 (%81.67) and MSG15 (%79.67), female parent genotype of MKG23 with pollinizers genotypes of MKG5 (%83.67) and MKG10 (%62.67), female parent of MKG24 with pollinizer genotypes of MKG5 (%81.67) and MKG14 (%81.33) showed the highest fruit set. Also, female parent of MKG15 with pollinizers of MKG13 (%38.33), MKG23 (%37.33) and MKG24 (%38.33), female parent of MKG23 with pollinizer MKG24 (%40.00), female parent of MKG24 with pollinizers MKG10 (%42.33) and MKG23 (%42.33)showed the maximum flower abscission. Moreover, the highest percentage of kernel (%61.9) was found in combination cross of female parent of MSG15 with MKG5 pollinizers. The lowest fruit weight with husk (250 gr) and kernel fresh weight (50.5 gr) was found in combination cross of female parent MKG23 with pollinizer of MKG24. In addition, the lowest percentage of kernel (%28.98) was totally obtained in combination cross of female parent MSG15 with pollinizer of MKG24.
Discussion
The highest percentage of fruit was obtained in hybridization of maternal parent MSG15 with pollinizers MK4, MKG5, MSG15, and MKG23 as seed parents with pollinizers MKG5, MKG10, and MKG23 mother's parents with paternal parents MKG5 and MKG10. According to the results of this research, it is possible to use compatible and suitable genotypes introduced in this study in other walnut breeding programs.
