پديد آورندگان :
حسيني، سجاد دانشگاه شهيد باهنر كرمان , صفرنيا، حسن دانشگاه شهيد باهنر كرمان - دانشكده مديريت و اقتصاد , پورسعيد، محمدمهدي دانشگاه شهيد باهنر كرمان - دانشكده مديريت و اقتصاد
كليدواژه :
مديريت بحران , مديريت دانش , اجتماعات محلي , تاب آوري , كرمان
چكيده فارسي :
در طي چند دهه اخير، جوامع جهاني براي كاهش خسارات ناشي از وقوع بلاياي طبيعي و افزايش توانايي هاي اجتماعات محلي سعي در غنا بخشيدن به رويكردهاي مديريت بحران داشتند. به دنبال اين تلاش ها، در كنفرانس بين المللي هيوگو در ژاپن، تاب آوري جوامع محلي به عنوان رويكردي جامع مطرح شد. علاوه براين، بر دانش نيز به عنوان ابزاري براي دستيابي به مديريت بلاياي طبيعي اثربخش و كارا، و در پي آن رسيدن به تاب آوري تاكيد شد. از طرف ديگر چون شهر كرمان از نظر وضعيت نسبي بودن خطر زلزله در سطح بسيار زياد درجه بندي شده است، هدف كلي از اين تحقيق رابطه ميان مديريت دانش مرتبط با زلزله و تاب آوري مي باشد. روش تحقيق توصيفي- پيمايشي از نوع همبستگي بوده كه براي جمع آوري داده ها از پرسش نامه استفاده گرديد. پرسش نامه مورد استفاده در اين تحقيق محقق ساخته مي باشد كه روايي آن توسط استادان راهنما و مشاور و ديگر متخصصين تاييد گرديد. همچنين ضريب پايايي پرسش نامه 851/ برآورد گرديد. نمونه آماري اين تحقيق 103 نفر مي باشد كه با استفاده از جدول مورگان و به روش تصادفي ساده انتخاب شدند. براي تجزيه وتحليل داده ها از آزمون هاي تي تك نمونه اي، تي دو نمونه اي، آنوا و همچنين از آزمون ضريب همبستگي پيرسون براي تاييد يا رد فرضيات استفاده شد. نتايج نشان داد كه ميان مديريت دانش مرتبط با زلزله و تاب آوري رابطه مثبت و معناداري وجود دارد؛ علاوه بر اين تمامي فرضيات فرعي نيز مورد تاييد قرار گرفتند. از طرفي ديگر نتايج حاصل از مقايسه ميانگين ها حاكي از آن است كه ميانگين مديريت دانش بين دو گروه زن و مرد تفاوتي ندارد، اما ميانگين مديريت دانش در گروه هاي باتجربه و بي تجربه، تحصيلي و سني متفاوت است و ميانگين تاب آوري در بين تمامي گروه ها متفاوت است.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Natural disasters are major challenges to achieve sustainable development of human communities. Earthquakes are a devastating, yet common natural disaster, that cause billions of dollars in property damage and the loss of human life. Pre-disaster prevention and post-disaster reconstruction can significantly reduce the impact of earthquakes on communities. The resiliency of local communities was introduced as a comprehensive approach to reduce the consequences of earthquake, in the International conference of Hyogo in the Japan. The goal of this approach is to reduce the vulnerability of communities and strengthen people to cope with the risks of natural disasters. Knowledge management can play an important role in ensuring the reliability and availability of reliable information to increase resiliency among local communities. In this study trained volunteers of Sarasiab Neighborhood in Kerman have been investigated.
Materials and methods
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between knowledge management related to earthquake and resilience. The research is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive correlation in terms of the research method. The statistical population included all 140 trained volunteers in Sarasiab neighborhood in Kerman. The sample is 103 individuals who were selected by simple random sampling. In order to collect data, we used two questionnaires; knowledge management related to earthquakes (including four dimensions: Knowledge acquisition, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing, and knowledge utilization) and Resilience questionnaire (including two dimensions, namely, social and economic resilience). Their validity was confirmed by professors and experts and the questions’ reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha. SPSS 21 software was used for data analysis. For testing hypotheses one-sample t-test, two-sample t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used.
Result and Discussion
The results showed that there is a significant positive correlation between knowledge management related to the earthquake and resiliency of trained volunteers in the Sarasiab neighborhood. Moreover, all sub-hypotheses were confirmed, too. On the other hand, the results of pairwise comparison of the means showed that there is no significant difference between males and females in terms of knowledge management, but in terms of knowledge management, there are differences between the experienced and inexperienced groups, and between groups with different levels of education and ages. The means of resilience are different among all the groups.
Conclusion
The results of this study is in harmony with the results of Goodwin and Partners (2013). The results showed that promoting the level of knowledge is essential to increase resilience against earthquakes and to reduce the impact of earthquakes on communities. Therefore, it is necessary for all organizations to be involved in the management of crisis in order to reduce the consequences of earthquake, and increase the knowledge and awareness of local communities to enhance earthquake resilience.
