بررسي اثرات ناشي از حذف دانه جو و جايگزيني سبوس گندم با آن در جيره بزهاي شيري سانن

Investigation of the Effects of Barley Grain Removal and Replacement of Wheat Bran with it, in the Diet of Saanen Dairy Goats

در اين پژوهش اثرات جايگزيني كامل دانه جو با سبوس گندم در جيره دام مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. اين آزمايش با استفاده از 12 راس بز شيري نژاد سانن در قالب طرح كاملاً تصادفي به مدت 21 روز انجام شد كه بزها در سه گروه 4 راسي قرار گرفتند. تيمارهاي آزمايشي شامل: 1- تيمار داراي 25 درصد جو و 10 درصد سبوس گندم (شاهد)، 2- تيمار فاقد جو و داراي 25/37 درصد سبوس گندم و 3- تيمار فاقد دانه جو و 5/34 درصد سبوس گندم به علاوه 2 درصد پودر چربي بودند. در هفته پاياني آزمايش جهت تعيين مصرف خوراك روزانه، خوراك باقي­مانده از روز قبل جمع­ آوري و توزين گرديد و پس از كسر آن از خوراك ريخته شده در آخور، مشخص شد كه مصرف خوراك 3 تيمار اختلاف معني­ داري با يكديگر نداشتند (05/0p) ولي قابليت هضم NDF در بين تيمارها معني‌دار نشد (05/0p). ركورد شير توليدي روزانه بزها اندازه ­گيري شد و مشاهده­ شد كه ركورد شير توليدي تيمار شاهد از بقيه تيمارها بالاتر بود و اختلاف بين آنها معني­ دار گرديد (05/0>p). سپس نمونه­ هاي شير توسط دستگاه ميلكواسكن كارخانه بشير مشهد آناليز شدند و مشخص شد كه فقط درصد چربي شير در بين تيمارها اختلاف معني ­دار داشت (05/0>p) و تيمار 3 داراي بيشترين درصد چربي شير بود. راندمان توليد شير در بين تيمارها داراي اختلاف معني ­دار بود كه بيشترين راندمان مربوط به تيمار 3 بود (05/0>p). همچنين انرژي موجود در شير سه تيمار بر اساس چربي شير تخمين زده شد و مشخص گرديد كه انرژي شير تيمارهاي 1 و 2 با هم تفاوت معني‌داري نداشتند (05/0p). سرانجام اختلاف وزن بدن بزهاي هر سه تيمار در شروع و پايان آزمايش محاسبه شد و مشخص گرديد كه در پايان آزمايش، اختلاف وزن بدن دام­ ها داراي اختلاف معني ­داري با يكديگر نبودند (05/0

In this research, the effects of complete replacement of barley grain with wheat bran in livestock were investigated. This experiment was carried out using 12 Saanen dairy goats in a completely randomized design for 21 days, in which goats were divided into three quadruple groups. The treatments consisted of: 1- treatment containing 25% barley and 10% wheat bran (control), 2- treatment without barley and 37.25% wheat bran and 3- treatment without barley and 34.5% wheat bran plus 2% of Fat powder were. In the final week of the experiment, the dietary residue was collected and weighed daily to determine the daily intake of food, and the difference in feed in the feeder and feed residue showed that feed intake of 3 treatments did not differ significantly. (p>0.05). Subsequently, after measuring the digestibility of the feed by acid insoluble ash, it was found that digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ADF and organic matter was more than other treatments in the control treatment and this difference was significant (p<0.05) but NDF digestibility was not significant among treatments (p>0.05). Ruminal fluid was obtained from each livestock three hours after feeding by the Stomach tube. After pH measurement by pH meter, this parameter was higher in treatments 2 and 3 than the control treatment that their difference was also significant (p<0.05). The daily milk yield of goats was measured and it was observed that the milk yield of the control treatment was higher than the rest of the treatments and the differences between them were significant (p<0.05). Milk samples were analyzed by Milko-Scan machine of Bashir factory in Mashhad and it was found that only percentage of milk fat was significantly different between treatments (p> 0.05) and treatment 3 had the highest percentage of milk fat (p<0.05). The yield of milk production among treatments was significant, with the highest efficiency related to treatment 3 (p<0.05). Also, the energy in milk of three treatments based on milk fat was estimated and it was found that milk energy of treatments 1 and 2 were not significantly different (p<0.05) but milk energy of treatment 3 was higher than the other two treatments and this difference was significant (p<0.05). Finally, the difference in body weight of goats in each of the three treatments was calculated at the beginning and the end of the experiment, and it was determined that at the end of the experiment, the differences in body weight of the animals were not significantly different (p>0.05). In general, it can be concluded that complete removal of barley from ration of goats is not logical, and if it is decided to do so on the basis of competitive and economic conditions, it is better to add about 2% of the fat content to the rations of the livestock. Of course, due to the high cost of this supplement compared to barley, the cost of livestock feed has increased, which increases the price of milk produced and its compounds.