پديد آورندگان :
وارثي، حميدرضا دانشگاه اصفهان - گروه جغرافيا و برنامه‌ريزي شهري , محمدي، جمال دانشگاه اصفهان - گروه جغرافيا و برنامه‌ريزي شهري , جعفري ندوشن، محمدرضا دانشگاه اصفهان - گروه جغرافيا و برنامه‌ريزي شهري
كليدواژه :
مسكن بومي , شهر ميبد , شاخصهاي مسكن , برنامه‌ريزي مسكن
چكيده فارسي :
مسكن بومي الگوي خاصي از مسكن است كه با ويژگي‌هاي اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي ساكنان و خصوصيات طبيعي و محيطي مكان مورد نظر تناسب دارد. شهر ميبد با سابقه‌اي درخشان، در محيط گرموخشك ايران مركزي قرار گرفته است. ساكنان اين شهر با فرهنگي غني در كنار هم زندگي مي‌كنند. همة اين شرايط طبيعي و انساني، الگوي خاصي از زيست و سكونت را در ميبد به‌وجود آورده است. در اين پژوهش توصيفي-تحليلي، ويژگي‌هاي مسكن بومي در شهر ميبد بررسي شده و به‌منظور شناخت وضعيت مسكن بومي در محلههاي اين شهر، از چهار شاخص اجتماعي-فرهنگي، اقتصادي، فيزيكي-كالبدي و خدماتي-زيربنايي استفاده شده است. براساس نتايج آزمون كروسكال واليس و آزمون يومن ويتني، شاخص اجتماعي-فرهنگي و فيزيكي-كالبدي وضعيت بهتري دارند؛ شاخص اقتصادي در حد متوسط و شاخص خدماتي-زيربنايي پايين‌تر از متوسط است. همچنين ميان محلههاي شهر ميبد در شاخصهاي مسكن بومي، تفاوت معناداري وجود دارد. شاخصهاي اجتماعي-فرهنگي و اقتصادي در محلههاي قديمي شهر ميبد وضعيت بهتري دارند، اما شاخصهاي فيزيكي-كالبدي و خدماتي-زيربنايي در محلههاي قديمي ضعيف‌تر، و در محلههاي جديد قوي‌ترند. براساس نتايج به‌دست‌آمده از تكنيك تحليلعاملي، به‌منظور دستيابي به مسكن بومي در شهر ميبد، 33 مؤلفه از چهار عامل اجتماعي-كالبدي، اقتصادي، خدماتي-زيربنايي و فرهنگي، در طراحي و ساخت مسكن اين شهر درنظر گرفته شدند. از اين‌رو انتظار مي‌رود كه در برنامه‌ريزي آتي مسكن در شهر ميبد، معيارهاي اجتماعي-فرهنگي و اقتصادي كه در گذشته در طراحي و ساخت مسكن رعايت مي‌شد، امروز نيز مورد توجه باشد و براي بهبود وضعيت شاخصهاي مسكن بومي برنامه‌ريزي شود.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Improvement of the quality of human life is necessary to enhance the quality of the residential environment because housing as a place of family life is a hub for comfort and relaxation. The characteristics of economic, social and cultural rights of individuals play important role in the selection and use of housing. The natural characteristics of each location are required for specific pattern of housing. However, today with technological advances housing is unfortunately developing in many cities without regard to these characteristics. City of Meybod City, Yazd province, has hardworking people with rich culture and ancient civilization. Therefore, the pattern that matches the characteristics of the native housing is of great importance and can greatly affect quality of life of citizens and reduce household costs..
Methodology
This study is an applied and development research in terms of target using descriptive-analytical research method.Data collection was conducted in two forms of library and survey.. We made a survey to complete questionnaire by citizens and experts. Statistical population of the research is population of 66907 people of Meybod with 17,629 households. According to Cochran formula, we determined 380 heads of households as sample size. In order to determine the most important factors affecting the formation of native housing in the city Meybod, the questionnaire have been completed by experts, professors and local authorities using factor analysis in SPSS to analyze the results of the questionnaires.
Results and discussion
In order to determine the appropriate test of this research, we initially tested normality through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov. We used nonparametric test for Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis.
In order to determine whether the old and new textures of Meybod city are developed based on native housing indicators, we have used Mann-Whitney U test. This test shows that the Z value is less than 1.96 with a significance level of less than 0.5. Thus, there is a significant difference between native housing indicators in the old and new textures of Meybod city. In order to identify the indicators for native housing in the Meybod city, we have also used Kruskal-Wallis Test in SPSS. There is also a significant difference in the indicators of native housing. The indicators of socio-cultural and physical indicators have relatively better condition.
To determine the most important factors affecting the formation of native housing in the Meybod city, 43 components is considered for assessment and weighing of the results using factor analysis. Eventually, 4 factors with 33 indicators have been named as follows: the first factor: the social and physical, the second factor: the economic, the third factor: services and infrastructure, the fourth factor: the culture.
Conclusion
In order to evaluate the native housing in the city, four indicators of socio-cultural, economic, physical, and service – infrastructural aspects are analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and U Mann-Whitney test. The results have indicated that there is a significant difference between the neighborhoods of the Meybod city in native housing indicators. Indicators of socio-cultural and economic indicators in the old neighborhoods of Meybod city have better situation relative to the physical indicator and infrastructural services. The results obtained from the factor analysis technique shows that 33 factors can be effective in achieving native housing in the Meybod city. Thus, it is expected that in the future planning of housing in the city Meybod, we can apply housing planning to improve the situation of native housing.
