اثر عصاره جينسنگ (Panax ginseng) بر تغييرات هيستومورفومتريك مخ و مخچه در نوزادان چهارده روزه موش صحرايي مادران ديابتي

The Effect of Panax ginseng Extract on Histomorphometric Changes on Cerebrum and Cerebellum in 14 Days Offspring Rat from Diabetic Mothers

دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎرداري ﻋﺪم ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اوﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺎر در ﻃﯽ ﺑﺎرداري ﺷﺮوع و ﯾﺎ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ داده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد و ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﯽ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي اﯾﺠﺎد اﺧﺘﻼل ﮐﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره Panax ginseng ﺑﺮ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﻣﺦ و ﻣﺨﭽﻪ در ﻧﻮزادان 14 روزه ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻣﺎدران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻌﺪاد 16 ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺴﺎوي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻏﯿﺮ دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ، ﻏﯿﺮ دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﺼﺎره، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ و دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﺼﺎره ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ. دﯾﺎﺑﺖ در ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ داروي اﺳﺘﺮﭘﺘﻮزوﺗﻮﺳﯿﻦ اﻟﻘﺎ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﻫﺮ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﺑﺎ ﺟﻔﺖ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺑﺎردار ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﺼﺎره در ﻃﻮل ﺑﺎرداري روزاﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 400 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺑﺪن ﻋﺼﺎره ﺟﯿﻨﺴﻨﮓ را ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. 14 روز ﭘﺲ از زاﯾﻤﺎن ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ، ﻧﻮزادان ﺑﯿﻬﻮش ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺑﺮش در ﺟﻤﺠﻤﻪ، ﻣﺦ و ﻣﺨﭽﻪ ﺧﺎرج ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي روش ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ، ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻓﺘﯽ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS و آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري آﻧﺎﻟـﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ و ﺗﺴﺖ داﻧﮑﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ )0/05≤p(. ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎده ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮي ﻣﺦ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎده ﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﻣﺨﭽﻪ در ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﻏﯿﺮ دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار داﺷﺖ )0/05≤p(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري در ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎده ﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﻣﺦ در ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ )0/05≤p(. ﻋﺼﺎره Panax ginseng از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي ﺑﺘﺎي ﭘﺎﻧﮑﺮاس و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ، ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﭙﯿﺮﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ در ﻣﺎدران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﺑﺎردار و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺦ و ﻣﺨﭽﻪ ﻧﻮزادان آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد.

Gestational diabetes is a variable amount of glucose intolerance initially diagnosed or diagnosed during pregnancy and can induce developmental disorders in different parts of CNS. We investigated effect of extract of Panax ginseng on histomorphometric changes oncerebrum and cerebellum in 14 d offspring'srat from diabetic mothers. Sixteen rats were divided into four groups: non-diabetic control, non-diabetic recipient of the extract, diabetic control and diabetic recipient of the extract. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in diabetic groups and all 4 groups became pregnant. During pregnancy, recipient of the extract groups received ginseng extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg of body weight every day. Overall, 14 d of normal delivery; offsprings were anesthetized. The cerebrum and cerebellum were removed by cutting the skull. After using the techniques of histology, some histological factors were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and ANOVA and Duncan statistical tests (P≤0.05). A significant reduction was observed in gray matter thickness and cell count of cerebrum and white matter cell count of cerebellum in diabetic control group than non-diabetic groups (P≤0.05). Moreover, a significant reduction was observed in white matter cell count of cerebrum in diabetic control group than other groups (P≤0.01). Extract of P. ginseng could control hyperglycemia and manage diabetes on the cerebrum and cerebellum disorders in offsprings of mothers with gestational diabetes by increasing β-cells stimulation and increase insulin production.