پديد آورندگان :
نعمتي، محمدعلي مركز آموزش عالي فيروزآباد - گروه معماري , بمانيان، محمدرضا دانشگاه تربيت مدرس، تهران - دانشكده هنر و معماري - گروه معماري , انصاري، مجتبي دانشگاه تربيت مدرس، تهران - دانشكده هنر و معماري - گروه معماري
كليدواژه :
محيط زيست , ساختمان پايدار , ارزيابي عملكرد ساختمان , مجموعه مسكوني
چكيده فارسي :
مقاله حاضر به دنبال تبيين عوامل موثر بر بهبود شرايط زيستي مجموعه‌هاي مسكوني، با اتكا بر ادبيات جهاني موضوع است. در اين راه، با تجزيه‌وتحليل مسائل و موضوعات در ادبيات موضوع و بررسي هشت سيستم ارزيابي عملكرد ساختمان با موضوع مرتبط، شاخص‌هاي تحقيق استنتاج گرديد. در تدوين آنها در مجموعه‌هاي مسكوني، از سيستم‌هايي استفاده شده كه با موضوع ساختمان‌هاي مسكوني شكل گرفته‌اند. سپس از مصاحبه نيمه‌ساختار يافته با صاحبنظران، چارچوب نظري تحقيق شكل گرفت. اين چارچوب، نگارندگان را در سنجش ارتباط متغيرهاي پژوهش با شرايط ساخت‌وساز كشور، تدوين فرضيه‌ها و اعتبارسنجي چارچوب نظري رهنمون ساخت. آزمون فرضيه‌ها با روش تحليل عاملي تاييدي و مدلسازي معادلات ساختاري از طريق پيمايش با ابزار پرسش‌نامه انجام شد. نتايج تحقيق نشان داد كه متغيرهاي هم‌افزايي ذينفعان در برنامه معماري، كارآمدي، سكونت‌پذيري محيط، ماندگاري و عملكرد محيط زيستي در ارزيابي محيط زيستي ساختمان مورد توجه است. هم‌افزايي ذينفعان در برنامه معماري، مهمترين عامل موثر بر عملكرد محيط زيستي مطالعه موردي تحقيق است. عوامل سه‌گانه كارآمدي، سكونت‌پذيري محيط و ماندگاري نيز در ارتقاي اين عملكرد، ايفاي نقش مي‌كند. دستاورد تحقيق، ارائه عوامل ارتقاي ابعاد زيستي محيط مجموعه مسكوني است و در توسعه ابزارهاي ارزيابي و تبيين راهبردها و اقدامات مي‌توان از اين پژوهش بهره برد.
چكيده لاتين :
Development of a relationship between nature and human needs can be found on literature of environmental performance assessment systems. The purpose of these systems is directed towards environmentally sensitive buildings. However, It should be noted that implementation of such tools in explaining the environmental goals of every ecological systems has been challenging so far. Checklist-based approach to environmental issues regardless of differences in economic, social, technological, environmental and institutional conditions of each region would not play a constructive role in this field.
The current study seeks to explain factors of enhancing environmental conditions in residential complexes, relying on literature reviews and scholars views in Iran. In this way, measurements, approaches and criteria of eight building performance assessment systems in relation to subject of the study have been analyzed. According to the focus of the research on residential complexes, research and systems on the issue of residential buildings was selected. In cases of Inaccessibility to the system, the authors analyzed them in accordance with other relevant studies and secondary sources of information and measures. In these cases comparative studies of more than one source have been employed. Based on information obtained from literature review, interviews were conducted with scholars to deduce determining environmental factors of construction on residential complexes in Iran. After introducing purposes of the study and areas of queries, the interviewees presented scope, trends and emphasis in a non-directive approach. Then, in second interviews using semi-structured methods, a basis for developing and modifying parameters and components of the research was provided.
By qualitative content analysis of interviews and literature review, theoretical framework and research hypotheses were formulated. The theoretical framework led the authors measure the relationship between latent and apparent variables of the study. Hypotheses are: 1) Factor of Stakeholders’ Synergy in Program is the main cause of enhancing Environmental Performance of buildings. 2) Factor of stakeholders’ synergy in program with mediation of Efficiency, Habitability and Durability affects Environmental Performance of buildings. 3) There are statistically significant relationship among mediators of Efficiency, Habitability and Durability.
The research has been in the field of correlation methods on quantitative survey. Forming the theoretical framework and hypotheses, the research instrument (questionnaire) and the population were formulated. The first group of 15 consulting engineers company was selected according to the programming and design of residential complexes having related experience of the subject. The second group of researchers was in master or doctoral programs at universities of Tehran with related field of research. Enhancing environmental performance of buildings as the scope of assessment is a function of stakeholders synergy in architectural program, performance of buildings (contains variables of manufacturing efficiency, operational efficiency, cost feedback and performance feedback (, habitability of environment (contains variables of indoor environmental comfort, accessibility and sociability of outdoor spaces) and durability of buildings (contains variables of building maintenance, adaptation and improvement of the surrounding environment). Experimental results showed that there is a causal relationship between concepts of the theoretical framework, (hypothesis).
