تاثير دولت شكننده عراق بر امنيت زيست محيطي جمهوري اسلامي ايران

The Effect of Iraq Fragile State on Environmental Security of Islamic Republic of Iran

در طول يك دهه اخير، مفهوم دولت­هاي شكننده به يكي از مفاهيم مهم سياست بين­الملل تبديل شده است. اين پديده از جمله ويژگي­هاي برخي كشورهاي خاورميانه است. اين دولت­ها مؤلفه­ هايي از قبيل مداخله نظامي بيگانه، انتقال قدرت سخت و خشن، بحران مشروعيت، مشكلات زيست محيطي، ناكارآمدي نظام قضايي و اقتصادي و گسترش تروريسم دارند. دولت عراق پس از سال 2003، در گروه دولت­هاي شكننده قرار گرفته و در طول اين سال­ها همواره در سطح نامطلوبي از ثبات ارزيابي شده است. پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش توصيفي ـ تحليلي و بهره­ گيري از شاخص­هاي شكنندگي دولت در پي بررسي تأثير دولت شكننده­ي عراق در بروز تهديدهاي زيست محيطي نسبت به ج.ا. ايران است. يافته­ هاي­ پژوهش نشان مي­دهد با توجه به شاخص­هاي دولت شكننده؛ وجود دولت شكننده عراق در همسايگي ج.ا. ايران سبب­ساز بروز تهديدهاي زيست محيطي در جنوب غرب ايران مي­گردد.

During the last two decades, the concept of fragile state, has been appeared as one of the most important concepts of international politics. This phenomenon is one of the characteristics of middle east states. These states have elements such as military intervention of other states, violent and hard kind of regime change, legitimacy crisis, environmental problems, dysfunction of economic and legal system and spread of terrorism. Although internal effects of fragile states have been so more under the focus of researchers and analyzers, regional effects of these states especially in environmental field have been rarely under focus. Iraqi state has been evaluated as a fragile and unstable state from 2003 until now. The aim of the present research is to examine the effect of Iraq fragile state on environmental security of Islamic Republic of Iran. The main question of the research is “what are the effect of Iraq fragile state on environmental security of Iran?ˮ Findings of the research show considering the characters of fragile state, Iraq has an important role in environmental threats such as water deficit crisis, dust haze storms, air pollution, soil erosion caused by desertification and deforestation in neighbor state, Iran, especially in west parts.