تحليل نقش هم‌پيوندي فضاها در روابط اجتماعي خانه‌هاي سنتي كاشان

Analysis the Role of space Integration in Social Relation of the Traditional Houses of Kashan

موضوع مقاله بررسي و تحليل نقش هم­پيوندي فضاها در روابط اجتماعي خانه­هاي سنتي به­منظور استفاده از الگوهاي حاكم بر آنها در مسكن معاصر مي­باشد. در راستاي دستيابي به اين هدف، شناخت عوامل و مولفه­هاي موثر بر ميزان همپيوندي فضاها و الگوهاي ساختاري خانه­هاي دوره قاجار كاشان و تحليل تطبيقي اين الگوها متناسب با نيازها و الزامات مسكن امروزي مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. اين مطالعه بر اساس نظريه پيكره­بندي فضا صورت گرفته­است. روش به­كار رفته در اين پژوهش، روش تفسيري- تاريخي با تكنيك تحليل محتوا مي­باشد. نرم­افزار گرسهاپر و تحليل گراف­هاي توجيهي براي 19 نمونه از خانه­هاي سنتي كاشان كه به­صورت خوشه­اي هدفمند انتخاب شده­اند، استفاده شده است. نتايج نشان دهنده اين­است كه ميزان همگني فضاها در معماري مسكوني قاجار بسيار بالا بوده است. خانه­هايي كه هر چهار عرصه عمومي، نيمه­عمومي، نيمه­خصوصي و خصوصي را داشته و ريزفضاهاي داراي عمق و هم­پيوندي مناسب اين حريم­ها باشند، داراي همگني و توزيع مناسب هستند.

The subject of this article is examine and analyze the role of space integration in the social relations of traditional houses of Kashan, in order to use their specific pattern in contemporary houses. The relation between the space configuration and social relationship in contemporary houses to have desirable spatial qualities requires the recognition of specific pattern in integration of spaces in successful samples. The sample that has adaption in culture and behavior of citizen and can be used in today’s houses. In order to achieve this purpose, we must identify the factors that affecting the integration of spaces and structural patterns of Qajar houses of Kashan and do comparative analysis of these patterns in according to the needs and requirements of today’s housing. This study is based on the concept of space configurations. The integration of spaces indicated the degree of privacy and generality of them is one of the most important components in this theory. The method that used in this research is an interpretive-historical method with the technic of analysis content. To analyze the integration we used the space-syntax plug-in in grasshopper software and by using analyze of the graphic graphs of 19 samples of traditional houses of Kashan that selected as targeted clusters. The results of this research indicate that the space of the Qajar houses had a good homogeneity. The result of analysis in two software’s, Space-Syntax and Depth map have the same result of integration and the separation of public and private spaces. By using these two software and analyze the traditional houses of Kashan the following results can be deduced: -All of the studied houses have the homogeneity number more than 5, so all of the traditional houses of Kashan that studied in this paper have an appropriate homogeneity and distribution and can considered as patterns for today’s home communications. -Houses that have four general arena, public, semipublic, semi private and private area and have appropriate depth and integration of these spaces are homogeneous and have a desirable distribution. –Any space that requires more privacy has more depth and less integrating. Public spaces and joints of houses have lower depth of other spaces and have more integration. – After the communicating spaces, between all kind of rooms in traditional houses, which include the hall, Panj dari, Se dari, Do dari and the room, the hall have the highest integration and then the Panj dari, Se dari, Do dari and the room are in the next rank of integration, so the hall and Panj dari in the most houses are the guest rooms and they are in semi-private arena and Se dari, Do dari and the room respectively are the most private spaces and it can be result that to have an appropriate integration and desirable social relationship the contemporary houses require all four arenas.