كليدواژه :
بافت فرسوده , سردشت , كاربري اراضي , كالبدي- فضايي , GIS
چكيده فارسي :
يكي از موضوعاتي كه به‌‌منظور شناخت يك شهر و نحوة شكل‌‌گيري آن بايد مطالعه شود، بافت قديم آن شهر است. بافت فرسوده به مفهوم فرسودگي فضايي و كالبدي، محصول تأثير و تأثر متقابل فرايندهاي اجتماعي و فضاي جغرافيايي است. پديدة فرسودگي در بافت‌‌هاي شهري بر كالبد بافت و فعاليت‌‌هاي اجتماعي و اقتصادي آن اثرگذار است. بدين سبب موضوع بافت‌‌هاي فرسودة شهري، همواره يكي از مسائل و چالش‌‌هاي شهرهاي امروزي است كه انديشمندان حوزه‌‌هاي مختلف و مديران شهري را به حيطة تلاش براي آن كشانده است. جامعة آماري اين پژوهش شهر سردشت، و هستة مركزي به‌‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شده است. اين پژوهش با رويكرد توصيفي-تحليلي و با هدف كاربردي و جمع‌‌آوري اطلاعات براساس مطالعات كتابخانه‌‌اي و پيمايشي صورت گرفته و در غالب موارد حاصل مشاهدات مستقيم نگارنده در محل مورد مطالعه بوده است. براي تجزيه‌‌وتحليل يافته‌‌ها نيز از نرم‌‌افزارهاي SPSS ver.19.0 و Arc GIS ver.10.1 استفاده شده است. نتايج پژوهش نشان مي‌‌دهد مسئلة ناپايداري، تقسيم‌‌نشدن ارث، ريزدانگي و نفوذناپذيري بخش مركزي، از مهم‌‌ترين عوامل شدت فرسودگي منطقة مورد مطالعه هستند. همچنين بين شاخص‌‌هاي فرسودگي هستة مركزي شهر سردشت با شدت فرسودگي بافت شهر، ارتباط مثبت و معناداري وجود دارد. براساس محاسبات محله‌‌ها، بافت قديمي از نظر پايداري در سطح بالايي قرار ندارد و از اين ميان، بافت قديمي محله‌‌هاي آشان و سرچاوه ناپايدارترين بافت شهر سردشت به‌‌‌شمار مي‌‌آيد.
چكيده لاتين :
One of the issues analyzed by researchers to understand the city and its formation is the historic structure of the city. Although these historic sites are in urban centers, most of their houses are abandoned and destroyed due to the instability of the materials. Old tissues of urban areas can influence social and economic activities. Therefore, urban distressed areas, as one of the challenges of recent cities can influence citizens. Urban space is composed of various elements. By joint donor-order system, the individual components communicate with each other. There are significant correlations among the extents of unity and essential components. The aim of this study is to examine a sample of tissue near the center, in the center of old town of Sardasht. Using GIS, we have identified indicators of burnout and extraction for decision making. In general, the aim of this study was to analyze the physical-spatial structure of urban old texture to clarify the problems to achieve an optimal pattern for each of the applications studied in the neighborhood of Sardasht city. This is descriptive - analytic research. The study area includes the neighborhoods of Ashan of Sardasht with the oldest neighborhoods. This study aimed at analytical approach and gather information on library studies with on-site observations and using the SPSS . By mapping the old structure layers in the ArcGIS, we have initially found a thorough understanding of the properties of this section to compare it with the entire city. To identify the criteria used in this study, we have examined old parts, real estate extent, burnout, and durability. Results and discussion Given the size and quality of the environment in urban areas, the findings of the audit and completion of field work, we addressed the core of Sardasht. While 512 pieces (46.33 percent) over 200 meters in place reflects the density and abundance of small pieces with a small area. As a result, one of the most important factors with a sharp deterioration in residential neighborhoods is microlithic parts. Most buildings in these tissues are outdated or do not follow technical standards. According to the results, the tissue does not have in good physical condition, because a large percentage of the structures have old materials. The results show that the streets in the neighborhood have 86.55 percent of infiltration with a width of less than 8 meters. One of the main causes of the problems of the historic fabric in most places is non-compliance with the old textures. In terms of physical issues and shortness of texture as a result of these passageways, access to services and facilities are not convenient. The results showed that major materials and quality of buildings are the most important factors affecting the intensity of worn-out textures. In this research, Ashan and Srchaveh neighborhoods in the study area have a high percentage of worn-out tissues. The results of the study indicate permeability index, microlithic and physical strength, and inheritance are the most important factors in the exhaustion of the study area.
