كاربست اصول نوشهرگرايي مطابق با شناسه‌هاي شهر ايراني-اسلامي (مطالعۀ موردي: محلۀ مسكوني و قديمي رباط كريم (رباط كهنه))

Modern Urbanism Principles in Islamic-Iranian Measures of Urban Planning (Case Study: Robat Karim Residential Area)

در پژوهش حاضر به اين مقوله پرداخته مي‌شود كه چگونه مي توان به كمك اصول شهرسازي مدرن مانند نوشهرگرايي، محله‌اي خوداتكا براي شهرها طراحي كرد تا پاسخگوي نيازهاي امروز مردم باشد. همچنين به اين مسئله توجه مي‌شود كه اين اصول تا چه اندازه با شهرسازي ايراني-اسلامي سازگار است؟ هدف از مطالعۀ حاضر، بررسي امكان به كارگيري اصول نوشهرگرايي در سازگاري با اصول شهرسازي ايراني-اسلامي در طراحي و احياي محله‌هاي امروز است.‌ پژوهش پيش‌رو اهميت بسياري دارد؛ زيرا به‌كمك آن مي‌توان از اصول شهرسازي ايراني-اسلامي هم‌پاي اصول نوشهرگرايي براي بهبود محله هاي مسكوني ايران - مانند نمونۀ موردي محلۀ تاريخي رباطكريم – استفاده كرد.‌ بدين‌منظور از مطالعات اسنادي و كتابخانه اي در حوزۀ شهرسازي ايراني-اسلامي و بحثهاي شهرسازي معاصر، همچنين پژوهش‌هاي ميداني استفاده شد.‌ سپس شناسه هاي سنتي شهر ايراني-اسلامي از نظر محتوايي با اصول نوشهرگرايي مقايسه و تطبيق داده شد.‌ نتيجه اينكه ايده هاي شهرسازي ايراني-اسلامي فراي كالبد و زمان است و انگاره هاي نوين شهرسازي امروز را بهخوبي دربرمي گيرد.‌ محله‌هاي شهرهاي تاريخي ايران در گذشته براساس اصول و قواعدي شكل گرفته اند كه امروزه در شعارهاي يكي از مطرح ترين نهضت هاي طراحي شهري در جهان يعني نوشهرگرايي مشاهده ميشوند؛ بنابراين مي توان از اين اصول براي طراحي محله‌هاي جديد و احياي محله‌هاي قديمي ايران استفاده كرد.‌

Introduction This research is to design a self-sufficient neighborhood for Iranian cities based on the principles of modern urban planning. One of the concepts is new urbanism in designing self-reliant cities. This kind of city is able to meet the present needs of the residents. This research is to interpret these modern principles through the basics of Islamic-Iranian urban planning. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to apply the principles of modern urban planning in accordance with those of Islamic-Iranian urban planning in designing and rehabilitation of the present neighborhoods. Methodology In this study, we have conducted library researches and document reviews in Islamic-Iranian urban planning and modern urban planning in case study for Robat Karim City. Then, the traditional characteristics of Islamic-Iranian cities have been compared with the modernism principles. The indices of modern urbanism are including Walkability, Connectivity, Mixed Use & Diversity, Mixed Housing, Quality Architecture & Urban Design, Traditional Neighborhood Structure, Increased Density, Smart Transportation, Sustainability, and Quality Of Life. The Islamic-Iranian urban planning indices are including stability with justice, unity in diversity, confrontation in evolution, logical flexibility. Results and discussion Most of the Islamic-Iranian urban planning indices are similar to principles of modern urbanism. In table 1 we can see some of the comparative results in the two ideologies. For Robat Karim city, it is recommended to use some modern elements in the neighborhoods to enable the city to meet the requirements of the citizens. Table 1. Comparative results in the two ideologies Islamic-Iranian urban planning indices are similar to principles of modern urbanism Isla mic-Iranian urban planning indicesprinciples of modern urbanism Stability in justice Relationship Diversified mixed landuse Diversified housing Traditional neighbor structure stability 2 Unity in diversity Walkability Relationship Increased density 3 Confrontation in evolution Diversified mixed landuse 4 logical flexibility Diversified mixed landuse Traditional neighbor structure Conclusion The results have demonstrated that the Islamic-Iranian urban planning indices are performing beyond the physical and temporal changes. The principles are contained in the present basics of new ideologies. The neighbors of historical cities of Iran were developed based on the historical norms and rules which are contained in the statements of one of the modern ideologies, modern urbanism. Therefore, these traditional principles can be applied in designing new neighbors in the recent urban planning.