اولويت‌بندي راهبردي توسعۀ گردشگري به‌منظور تعيين جايگاه آن در برنامه‌هاي توسعۀ شهري (مطالعۀ موردي: استان كرمانشاه)

Prioritization of Tourism Development Strategies to Determine its Role in Urban Development Plan (Case Study: Kermanshah Province)

راهبردهاي توسعةشهري در هر شهر متأثر از گردشگري است و ضروري است در برنامه‌ريزي‌هاي توسعةشهري به آن توجه شود. درواقع دست يابي به توسعة پايدار، مستلزم نگاهي جامع و راهبردي و توجه به عوامل مؤثر در توسعه از جمله گردشگري است. هدف پژوهش حاضر كمي و كيفي، ارزيابي راهبردي و ارائة راهبردهاي بهينة بخش گردشگري استان كرمانشاه است. در روش كمي، هدف پژوهش كاربردي و نوع آن نوع توصيفي تحليلي است. بخش كيفي براساس مصاحبه‌هاي عميق و به‌منظور استخراج ديدگاه صاحب‌نظران در حوزه‌هاي مختلف گردشگري صورت گرفت. نمونة آماري كل جامعة مورد بحث، 56 نفر بود با بررسي‌هاي اسنادي و كتابخانه‌اي، اطلاعات مورد نظر جمع‌آوري، و از پرسشنامه و مصاحبه استفاده شد. براساس نتايج، 15 راهبرد برتر توسعة گردشگري استان كرمانشاه، در سه حوزة گردشگري تاريخي، فرهنگي و اكوتوريسم قرار دارد. در ميان حوزه‌هاي دوازده‌گانة گردشگري، چهار حوزه در گروه راهبردهاي رشد و توسعه، پنج حوزه در گروه راهبردهاي تثبيت و بهبود وضعيت موجود و سه حوزه در گروه راهبردهاي دفاعي قرار دارند. براين‌ اساس تدوين TDS (برنامه‌هاي توسعة گردشگري) در قالب CDS (برنامه‌هاي توسعة شهري) به‌صورت يكپارچه به‌منظور جامعيت و افزايش تحقق‌پذيري آن پيشنهاد مي‌شود.

Introduction The cities of Iran each have different talents and capabilities of the natural landscape, cultural and historical monuments, the growth of tourism and the tourist industry and mining.The historic city of Kermanshah with rapid urban growth in recent decades requires urban development strategies for consistent and systematic combination of tourism planning and strategic urban development. In the planning of the city involves many factors including historical context, architecture, and protection of cultural heritage, traditions, and social customs. In urban tourism trends and developments, the question arises how to develop tourism in the city? Many experts in the field of classification and typology of various spheres of tourism are named for the cities for urban planning in these areas. It is necessary to identify the trends in tourism and tourism management using strategic management of urban development in a sustainable perspective. Methodology The research methodology we used in this study is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In quantitative way, this research has a practical purpose in terms of descriptive-analytic method. Based on qualitative method, we have conducted in-depth interviews in order to extract various experts in the field of tourism. In order to collect data, we have used documents and library studies, questionnaires and interviews. In a literature review, all the texts in the field of tourism in Kermanshah province has been collected from previous published researches. In addition to prioritization of internal and external factors enumerated in each of the twelve districts, we made a questionnaire for pairwise comparison to prioritize the areas of tourism and to categorize the strategies extracted in each of the twelve areas of strategic planning. The information is gathered through interviews to extract internal and external factors for analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. In each of the twelve districts, experts were interviewed in this area in two stages. In this study, the effects of the external environment are examined to identify opportunities and threats in relation to tourism development for assessing the internal environment to identify strengths and weaknesses in the evaluation matrix for the four strategies of the SWOT model. Then, in two stages, prioritization of internal and external factors is made to identify and determine the relative importance of each of the areas of tourism via AHP method to prioritize the strategies set by QSPM matrix. Results and discussion The realization of these goals can only be possible through employing all the existing potential to employ them in development process for providing a hardware and software infrastructure. One of the requirements of the overall level of development of CDS documents is stabilization of the urban economy and empowering the levers of development based on internal resources. The city is able to realize its vision to be traced without relying on the credit of the central government. The conditions necessary for revenue and finance is needed to achieve the plans for this practical and realizable plan of implementation. Conclusion According to the results of this study, the city of Kermanshah with high potential of tourism is one of the priority areas in the country and with a proper planning we can achieve significant growth in this area. In this regard, tourism is one of the most important areas of interest in the sustainable development of urban economy. The importance of this area for the field component of the program was the development of the CDS document. The output of this study has significant impact on the finalization of the strategic priorities in the plan.