بررسي عوامل موثر در شكل گيري معماري پايدار با تاكيد بر فرم بنا (نمونه موردي شهرستان سوادكوه)

Studying the influential factors in the formation of sustainable architecture with emphasis on the form of building (Case Study: Savadkouh city)

گسترش شهرها و همچنين نياز روز افزون انسانها به انرژي، موجب آن شد تا انسانها درپي يافتن راهكارهايي براي استفاده از انرژي تجديدپذير باشند. با توجه به اهميت موضوع، پژوهش هايي نيز در عرصه معماري صورت گرفته است و در آن يكي از مهم ترين اهداف توسعه پايدار كاهش مصرف انرژي در بخش ساختمان عنوان شده است. اين هدف با ارائه الگوي معماري مناسب هم ساز با اقليم قابل حصول مي باشد. از جمله عوامل تاثيرگذار بر معماري اقليمي جهت گيري و فرم كانسپت ساختمان هاست كه در اين مطالعه مورد بررسي قرار گرفته اند. اين مقاله در راستاي توسعه پايدار، با هدف دستيابي به فرم و جهت گيري مناسب ساختمان هاي مسكوني در شهرستان سوادكوه، اقليم ومعماي بومي اين منطقه را بررسي مي كند. روش مطالعه تحليلي كيفي بوده و ساختمان هاي مسكوني با قدمت 40 سال را با استفاده از نرم افزار مدل سازي ديزاين بيلدر تحليل شده اند. نتايج اين مطالعه نشان داد كه با توجه به آب و هواي سرد منطقه، بهره گيري از انرژي خورشيدي بايد در اولويت طراحي معماري قرار گيرد. به همين منظور كشيدگي ساختمان ها در جهت شرقي-غربي و با كانسپت L مناسب ترين پاسخ براي استفاده از انرژي خورشيدي و كاهش مصرف انرژي در ساختمان هاي مسكوني مي باشند.

The expansion of cities, as well as the increasing need of humans for energy, have led humans to seek solutions for the use of renewable energy. Considering the importance of the subject, studies has also been carried out in the field of architecture, in which one of the most important objective of sustainable development is the reduction of energy consumption in the building sector. This objective can be achieved by presenting climatic architecture pattern in any region. one of the affecting factors on climate architecture is the orientation and form of the concept of buildings, which has been studied in this research (study).This study with sustainable development objectives, first is investigating native architecture and regional climate information and then studies affecting factors on reduction energy consumption in residential buildings in Savadkouh city, in order to achievement appropriate orientation and building form. The study method was qualitative – analytical and 40 years old residential buildings (that are selected due to the repetition of these forms) simulated with Design Builder modeling software and its radiation energy has been analyzed. Also after analysis conducted with Design Builder Modeling Software, it is concluded that building`s form is affected on absorbed radiation energy in external shell and (its overall energy of building) and does not affect other matters(cases) significantly. an‎d also among existing concepts, the U –plan has the most and L- plan has the least amount of energy. As a result, elongation of buildings in the east-west direction, and L-concept is the most appropriate response to using solar energy and reducing energy consumption in residential buildings.