تعيين مزيت نسبي محصولات عمده باغباني ايران

Determination of comparative advantage of the main horticultural products in Iran

In this study, using the criteria NSP, DRC, SCB, RCA, RSCA, the existence or lack of comparative advantage of five main horticultural products including pistachio, date, apple, orange and almond. Also, export supply functions and export income instability indices for each of the selected products were estimated. In this relation, the needed information was gathered from the producer of the main production area as well as from the relevant organization through questionnaire, interview and clustering sample. Results depicted that according to NSP, DRC and SCB, Iranʹs pistachio in contrast to pistachio of the competitor countries i.e. US, China, Turkey and Syria is enjoying high comparative advantage, however, RCA and RSCA during the study period led to the similar conclusion. Based on the mentioned standards, Iranʹs date comparing to the date of UAE and Iraq lacks a comparative advantage, but when comparing to Australia, England and worldʹs average price she enjoys it. Trend of comparative advantage of Iranʹs date was fluctuating regularly in the last years. Some productions (apple, orange) have comparative advantage for countries that had imported them from Iran, but these products for some concessionaire countries (Spain, Italy and Africa) havenʹt had a comparative advantage. Almond of Iran in E2, E3 exchange rate for Pakistan and in E3 exchange rate for Kuwait havenʹt comparative advantage, but for UAE, Germany and in worldʹs average price have comparative advantage. RCA and RSCA criteria show descending trend comparative advantage for almond. Main agricultural production regions have been classified according to their comparative advantage. Estimating export supply functions and instability indices of export income indicated that the stability of pistachio income is more than the other agricultural production with the exportation almond.