اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻢ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ﭘﻞﻫﺎي ﺑﺘﻨﯽ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ راهﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮي ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ

Prioritizing of Repair and Rehabilitation for Concrete Bridges of Road Network in Khorasan Razavi Province, Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺮورت ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ راهﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﻮر، ﭘﻞﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎي زﯾﺮﺑﻨﺎﯾﯽ، ﻧﻘﺸﯽ ﮐﻠﯿﺪي در اﻣﺪاد رﺳﺎﻧﯽ و ﺗﺪاوم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮوز ﺣﻮادث و ﺑﻼﯾﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ را ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪه دارﻧﺪ. در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮي ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ و آب و ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ از ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮ و وﺟﻮد ﻧﻤﮏﻫﺎي ﺧﻮرﻧﺪه در ﭘﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﺧﺎك ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ وﺟﻮد رودﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﺼﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻮري آب ﺑﺎﻻ از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ، ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از اﺑﻨﯿﻪ ﻓﻨﯽ راهﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﭘﻞﻫﺎ، آﺑﮕﺬرﻫﺎ و ﺷﺎﻟﻮدهﻫﺎي ﺑﺘﻨﯽ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺧﻮردﮔﯽ و ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻢ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ﭘﻞﻫﺎي ﺑﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ واﻗﻊ در راهﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮي اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻌﺪاد 52 ﭘﻞ ﺑﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮل ﺑﯿﺶ از 15 ﻣﺘﺮ در ﻧﻘﺎط ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮي ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ژﺋﻮﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ، دﻓﺘﺮﭼﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت و ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺎزدﯾﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ دﻗﯿﻖ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﭘﺲ از وزن دﻫﯽ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮ ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺧﺒﺮه، در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ )Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP( و ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Expert Choice ، ﭘﻞ-ﻫﺎي ﺑﺘﻨﯽ ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻢ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و 10 ﭘﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻢ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ. در راﺳﺘﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬارﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻢ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ﭘﻞﻫﺎي ﺑﺘﻨﯽ، ﻣﻌﯿﺎر وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﮕﺎه ﭘﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ 0/115 و ﮐﻢ اﺛﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ، ﻣﻌﯿﺎر اﯾﺠﺎد ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰِ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ آﺛﺎر ﻣﻀﻤﺤﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﭘﯽ در ﻣﺠﺎورت ﭘﯽﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ 0/014 ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻻزم ﺑﻪ ذﮐﺮ اﺳﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﭘﻞﻫﺎي ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻢ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي، ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﻣﯿﺰان اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﭘﻞ، داراي ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ در اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻢ و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ﭘﻞﻫﺎي ﺑﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺰرگ واﻗﻊ در ﺷﺒﮑﻪ راهﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮي ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Considering the necessity of developing the road network, bridges as infrastructures, play a key role in helping and sustaining vital activities in the recovery phase after natural disasters and events. So, In Khorasan Razavi province, with regard to climatic conditions on the one hand, and the presence of corrosive agents in the soil profile of many areas, as well as seasonal rivers with high water salinity, on the other hand, many concrete structures of roads such as bridges, culverts and concrete foundations are subject to corrosion and degradation. Therefore, the present study aimed to prioritize the restoration and reconstruction of important concrete bridges in the main roads of Khorasan Razavi province. This prioritization provides the possibility of allocating the annual budget necessary for the maintenance and utilization of concrete bridges of the roads in this province. In this research, 52 concrete bridges with a length of more than 15 meters in different parts of Khorasan Razavi province were studied under precision field observations after geotechnical studies, review of design procedure and as-built maps and after weighing the failure criteria according to the expert opinion, concrete bridges that requiring repair and Rehabilitation were prioritized using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Expert Choice software and finally 10 bridges with the highest priority were identified. In line with this research, the results show that the most important and influential criterion in prioritizing the restoration and reconstruction of concrete bridges is the general characteristics of the bridge site with a priority index of 0.115 and the least effective criterion in this field is creating green area which leads to deterioration of foundation materials near footing, with priority index of 0.014. At the end, results of the sensitivity analysis based on performance for prioritization criteria of the bridges needed restoration and reconstruction showed that the bridge importance criterion has the most sensitivity in prioritizing the restoration and reconstruction of large concrete bridges located in the main roads of Khorasan Razavi province.