پيش‌بيني سلامت معنوي بر اساس شادكامي، باورهاي فراشناختي و بهزيستي ذهني در دانشجويان پزشكي

Predicting the Spiritual Health based on Happiness, Metacognitive Beliefs and Subjective Well-being in Medical Students

مقدمه: هدف پژوهش حاضر با هدف پيش‌بيني سلامت معنوي بر اساس شادكامي، باورهاي فراشناختي و بهزيستي ذهني در دانشجويان پزشكي انجام شد. روش كار: اين مطالعه مقطعي از نوع همبستگي بود. جامعه آماري پژوهش دانشجويان پزشكي دانشگاه‌هاي علوم پزشكي شهر تهران در سال تحصيلپي 98-1397 بودند. نمونه پژوهش 400 دانشجو (200 مرد و 200 زن) بودند كه با روش نمونه‌گيري خوشه‌اي چندمرحله‌اي انتخاب شدند. ابزارهاي جمع‌آوري داده‌ها شامل پرسشنامه‌هاي سلامت معنوي (پالوتزين و اليسون، 1982)، شادكامي آكسفورد (آرگايل و لو، 1990)، باورهاي فراشناختي (ولز و كارترايت- هاتون، 1997) و بهزيستي ذهني (كييز و ماگيار-مو، 2003) بود. داده‌ها با روش‌هاي ضرايب همبستگي پيرسون و رگرسيون چندگانه با مدل همزمان در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 21تحليل شدند. نتايج: يافته‌ها نشان داد كه شادكامي و بهزيستي ذهني با سلامت معنوي در دانشجويان پزشكي رابطه مثبت و معني‌دار و باورهاي فراشناختي با سلامت معنوي آنان رابطه منفي و معني‌دار داشتند. همچنين، متغيرهاي شادكامي، باورهاي فراشناختي و بهزيستي ذهني توانستند 33 درصد از تغييرات سلامت معنوي دانشجويان پزشكي را تبيين نمايند كه نقش باورهاي فراشناختي بيشتر از شادكامي و بهزيستي ذهني بود (0/01

Introduction: Present research aimed to predicting the spiritual health based on happiness, metacognitive beliefs and subjective well-being in medical students. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical research population was medical students of universities of medical sciences of Tehran city in 2018-19 academic years. The research sample was 400 students (200 male and 200 female) who were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Data collection tools were included the questionnaires of spiritual health (Palutzian & Ellison, 1982), Oxford happiness (Argyle & Lu, 1990), metacognitive beliefs (Wells & CartwrightHatton, 1997) and subjective well-being (Keyes & Magyar-Moe, 2003). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with enter model methods in SPSS-21 software. Results: The findings showed that happiness and subjective well-being have a positive and significant relationship with spiritual health of medical students and metacognitive beliefs have a negative and significant relationship with their spiritual health. Also, the variables of happiness, metacognitive beliefs and subjective well-being were able to explain 33 percent of variance the spiritual health of medical students, who the role of metacognitive beliefs was higher than happiness and subjective well-being (P<0/01). Conclusion: The results indicated the role of happiness, metacognitive beliefs and subjective well-being in predicting the spiritual health of medical students. Therefore, in order to promote their spiritual health can increase happiness and subjective well-being of medical students and decrease their metacognitive beliefs through workshop.