بررسي و سنجش ماهيت شيعي امامي رخداد حرّه واقم

Investigating and measuring the Shiite Imami Hareh Waqem

جنبش حرّه، رخداد منحصر بود و دستيابي به ميزان نزديكي و ارتباط آن با انديشه تشيع، نيازمند شناسايي ابعاد و ماهيت آن است و بايسته است جنبش بر پايه شاخص هايي نو سنجيده شود تا بتوان برداشتي نزديك به رخداد واقعي يافت. در اين نوشتار نخست گزارش هاي اين جنبش براي دستيابي به چيستي، چرايي و چگونگي وقوع آن بررسي و با استناد به گزارش هاي تاريخي دلايل شكل گيري جنبش و ديدگاه ها درباره جنبش، واكاوي شده است. سپس تلاش شده بر پايه گزارش هاي منابع و شاخص هاي سنجش درستي گزارش هاي تاريخي ارزيابي شود. اين فرايند ارزيابي نيازمند دستگاه سنجشي اعتبار جنبش هاي شيعي و جنبش حره است. ره آورد اين نوشتار با رويكرد توصيفي- تحليلي و با روش گردآوري كتابخانه اي، اين مهم است كه جنبش حره يك جنبش شيعي نبوده و انگيزه هاي ديني و اجتماعي اين جنبش بر انگيزه هاي كاملاً ديني آن چيرگي داشته و انگيزه و اهداف شيعي نيز وجود نداشته است، گرچه پيامد آن سست شدن بنيان حكومت سفيانيان بود.

The battle of Harra Waqim is regarded as a unique incident which needs acknowledgment of its different aspects and its identity in order to achieve a true understanding of this incident and its relevance to Shi'ite thoughts. However this incident must be analyzed according to fundamental elements and benchmarks. Then we will be able to represent the most probable true image of the incident of Harra and its relevance to Shi'ite uprisings. Therefore, the reports on this uprising will be analyzed so that we will achieve information on different aspects of the battle. Then after examination of terminology of Harra the place and time of this incident will be explained. In addition the reasons behind the battle of Harra and different attitudes toward it will be analyzed. Afterwards, the incident is represented by means of the most probable authentic narrations which are chosen through verifying reliability of historical reports method. Moreover, the verifying elements of credibility of Shi'ite uprisings are explained and then the incident of Harra is analyzed based on them. The present paper has applied a descriptive – analytical approach and the subject is analyzed within the framework of library study. According to the present paper, it is proved that the incident of Harra is not regarded as a pure Shi'ite uprising, although the role of the battle of Karbala is inevitable on Harra incident. However credibility of Harra incident is on the verge of acceptance as a Shi'ite uprising, according to other Shi'ite uprisings. Also religious motives were more underlined comparing to social motives of this incident, consequently Umayyad dynasty declined in Hijaz after this battle. It was also regarded as a disaster for the people of Medina and opponents of Ahl al-Bayt managed to exploit the situation and publicized an unholy image for Imam Sajjad (PBUH) among people.