جنبش مشروطه خواهي در تالش (1330-1324 ق)

Movement Constitutional in Talesh (1906-1910)

پس از تجزيه خاك تالش به وسيله روس ها در زمان سلطنت فتحعلي شاه قاجار، بخش جنوبي آن كه در ايالت گيلان باقي ماند، به پنج بلوك با نام هاي كرگان رود، اسالم، تالشدولا، شاندرمن و ماسال تقسيم گرديد و «خمسه طوالش» خوانده شد و اداره آن بلوك ها به پنج خاندان از خوانين محلي واگذار گرديد.در دوره مشروطيت حاكم كرگان رود، نصرت الله خان عميدالسلطنه (سردار امجد) بود. دوره حكومت سردار امجد به سبب روا داشتن ستم هاي بي سابقه بر مردم، به عنوان يكي از سياه ترين دوره ها در تاريخ تالش رقم خورده است. در چنان شرايطي دهقانان تالش و بخشي از اقشار متوسط تالش كه از گزند خان حاكم در امان نبودند، آماده فرصتي براي خيزش بودند. اوج گرفتن جنبش سوسيال دمكراسي روسيه و پيوند آن با كانون هاي آزادي خواهي در گيلان و آغاز خيزش هاي ضد استبدادي در ايران كه تدريجا انقلاب مشروطيت ناميده شد، مردم تالش نيز به پا خاستند و مبارزات خود عليه خان حاكم و حاميان داخلي و روسي اش را با مشروطه خواهي پيوند زدند.

After the disintegration of Talesh soil by the Russians during the reign of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, that remained the southern part of the Gilan province, were divided to the five districts which named Kargan Rud, Asalem, Talshedula, Shanderman and Masall, they were called “Khamseh Tavalesh” and the leadership of its districts was transferred to five dynasties of local Khans. The ruler of Kargan Rud was Nusrat-ollah Khan(sardar amjad), during the constitutionalism period. The period of the Sardar Amjad`s leadership has been marked as one of the darkest periods in the history of the Talesh due to oppress the unprecedented of the people. Under such condition, in spite of the peasants of Talesh had the background of the rebellion and the oppressive morals and part of the community were not immune from the ruler of khan, they were susceptible and disposed opportunities for rebelling and rioting. The occurrence of social revolutions on the eve of the twentieth century was the culmination of the Russian Social-Democracy Movement in the Neighborhood of Gilan and Tavalesh, and its join with the centers of liberalism in Gilan and the beginning of the anti-authoritarian uprisings in Iran, which was gradually called the constitutionalism revolution, the people of Talesh also stand up and their struggles against the Khan`s oppression and his local supporters and Russian have made join with constitutionalism.