بررسي و نقد باورهاي انسان محورانه حقوق بشر از ديدگاه برخي نوانديشان ديني

Investigating and Criticizing Human Rights’ Humanist Beliefs in the View of Religious Intellectualists

اين نوشتار با روش برون ديني و رويكرد نقدي تحليلي، مباني حقوق بشر در ديدگاه روشنفكران نومعتزلي را مي كاود. برخي از روشنفكران نومعتزلي داخلي، هم صدا با حاميان حقوق بشر غربي مدعي فراديني بودن حقوق بشرند و مبناي حقوق بشرراانسان و باورهاي انسان محورانه مي دانند نه دين. لذا با اصل قراردادن حقوق بشر دين را تفسير مي كنند. در نوشتار حاضر ضمن نقد ادعاي روشنفكران نومعتزلي، با اقامه ادله استوار، اولا ناتواني علوم بشري از شناخت تام و جامع حقوق انسان را تبيين مي كنيم. وانگهي ادعاي محوريت باورهاي انسان محورانه براي حقوق بشر را نقض مي كنيم و مباني تعالي حقوق بشر را در گرو تعاليم اسلامي مي دانيم كه پاسخ گوي نيازهاي حقوقي جوامع است.

Today human rights take on a critical importance because these rights submit necessary evidence for countries and nations to develop and civilize their societies. Some of new-Moatazelite intellectuals, in line with western advocates of human right, believe that human rights are meta-religious. They believe that human and humanist beliefs are the foundations on the bases of which human rights are established and religion can not serve as basis for these rights. Thus, they interpret religion on the basis of human rights. In sharp contrast with this stance, the current research employs robust evidences - such as principle of theism in human rights, non-historicity of legal regulations, inability of Man in perceiving human rights and comprehensiveness of Islamic organization in value, thought and interactional systems- to criticize this position because, firstly, human knowledge fail to recognize human rights in an absolute manner and therefore intellectual ingenuity and intellectual development do not guarantee the exalted life of Man. Secondly, the claim that human-based beliefs serve as a basis for human rights is rejected and it is concluded that elevation of human rights depends on Islamic instructions which fulfills all legal needs of human societies.