بررسي معني‌شناختي تخلص « حافظ » به‌مثابه استعاره مركزي

A Semantic Study of the Pen name of Hafiz as a Central Metaphor

يكي از عناصر شعر و غزل فارسي تخلص است كه علاوه‌بر نشان‌داركردن شعر به نام شاعر، گاه به‌معناي ديگري نيز ايهام دارد. تخلص در شعر شاعراني مثل حافظ ‌‌كه منظومه فكري خاص و منسجمي دارند به‌صورت استعاره اي اصلي يا مركزي در تعيين دستگاه فكري آنها دخالت دارد. در اين مقاله، تخلص حافظ از منظر مولفه هاي معني‌شناختي، چون تقابل و ترادف با واژگان خاص و كليدي شعر حافظ‌، كه برآمده از حساسيت هاي فكري و زيستي او بوده است‌، در متن شعر واكاوي شد. از نتايج تحقيق برمي آيد كه نام شعري او نيز به‌شكلي پر تحرك و شناور تحت تاثير زبان و افكار او قرار دارد و به‌كمك ظرفيت هاي معني‌آفريني برخي واژه ها در خدمت انتقال ساختار انديشه و نظام معنايي اشعار او است و تخلص حافظ استعاره مركزي غزليات اوست.

One of the elements in Persian poetry and sonnets (Ghazal) is penname, which in addition to marking poetry in the name of the poet, sometimes has an amphiboly to another means; but in the poetry of poets such as Hafez - which have a special and coherent intellectual system - in the form of a main metaphor or central metaphor, penname is involved in determining their intellectual system. In this article, Hafez's pennames are analyzed from the perspective of semantic components, such as the confrontation with the specific vocabulary, which are derived from Hafez’s intellectual and biological sensibilities, in the text of the poem. It concludes that his poetic name is also influenced by his language and thoughts; and by means of the meaningful capacity of some words, he serves the translation of the structure of thought and the semantic system of his poems; and also the penname, Hafiz, is in fact the central metaphor of his sonnets, and plays a central role in his intellectual and discursive system.