ازدواج و طلاق در ايران عصر قاجار از منظر سفرنامه‌هاي خارجي

Study of the status of marriage and divorce in Qajar era Relying on foreign travel logos

ايران عصر قاجار شاهد حضور اروپاييان با مقاصد گوناگون تجاري، سياسي، مذهبي، نظامي و گردشگري بود. سفرنامه‌نويسان اروپايي به دلايل مختلف از جمله نگاه بيروني به جامعه ايراني، حس كنجكاوانه غربي و غيره، مطالب ارزشمندي درباره فرهنگ عامه ايرانيان، اعم از باورهاي فكري و اعتقادي و همچنين آداب و رسوم مردم ايران عصر قاجار، در اختيار محققان تاريخ فرهنگي و اجتماعي دوره‌ قاجار قرار داده‌اند. براي نمونه مي‌توان به نگاه ايرانيان به ازدواج و طلاق اشاره كرد. پژوهش حاضر با روش توصيفي‌، تحليلي پاسخي است به اين پرسش كه سفرنامه‌نويسان اروپايي عصر قاجاري يكي از مهمترين آداب و رسوم ايرانيان و وجوه بارز هويتي ايرانيان يعني ازدواج و طلاق را چگونه ترسيم كرده‌اند؟ يافته‌هاي تحقيق حاكي از آن است كه مشاهدات اجتماعي سياحان اروپايي در راستاي اطلاع‌رساني و شناخت عيني آنها در مسير مأموريت‌هاي سياسي‌شان بوده و بيشتر به توصيف آداب ‌و رسوم ايرانيان در امر ازدواج و طلاق پرداخته و بدون توجه به ريشه‌هاي فرهنگي جامعه به قضاوت و داروي اين امر نشسته‌اند.

Reflections on the issue of marriage and divorce in Iran during the Qajar era and the kind of society's view of it relying on foreign travel logos Iran, In period of Qajar, saw the presence of Europeans for various commercial, political, religious, military, and tourist destinations. A group of these Europeans recorded their daily observations in the form of travel logs. The Iranian folklore, including beliefs and beliefs, as well as the customs of the Iranian people of the Qajar era, can be viewed and extracted from the context of their notes. Travel writers for some reasons, such as the external look of Iranian society, Western curiosity, etc., have provided valuable material to researchers of the cultural and social history of the Qajar period. For example, the Iranian perspective on the cultural issue of marriage and divorce, which is one of the most significant aspects of the Iranian identity of the Qajar period, can be cited. The present research responds to the question of how European journalists from the Qajar era have drawn one of the most important customs of Iranians, namely marriage and divorce. The purpose of this paper is to examine the status of marriage and divorce and the expression of the value and position of the woman and the kind of society's view as one of the most important aspects of Iranian identity of the Qajar period from the viewpoint of Qajar periodical travel writers, which is based on descriptive-analytical method Travel logs are written.