توسعه راهكارهاي كاهش فساد اداري در بخش دولتي: مطالعه نقش انگيزه خدمت‌محور و تعهد كاركنان

Developing anti-Corruption Strategies in Public Sector: Study of the Role of Public Service Motivation and Employees' Commitment

اﻣﺮوزه اراﺋﻪ راهﮐﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﻓﺴﺎد اداري ﯾﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ آن ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﺳﺎﺳﯽ در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ دوﻟﺘﯽ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي ﺑﺮ ﻓﺴﺎد اداري در ﺑﺨﺶ دوﻟﺘﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﺑﺮ ﻓﺴﺎد اداري در ﺑﺨﺶ دوﻟﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ و روش، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري آن ﻋﺒﺎرت اﺳﺖ از ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎي دوﻟﺘﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺑﺎﺑﮏ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 600 ﻧﻔﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻟﺤﺎظ اﻣﮑﺎن ﻋﺪم ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﻫﻤﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ، 260 ﻧﻔﺮ )10 درﺻﺪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪول ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن( ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻃﺒﻘﻪاي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ، ﺳﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ 0/87 ، 0/90و0/88 و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ 0/88 ، 0/91 و 0/87 ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﺷﺪ. رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺷﺎﺧﺺ AVE ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ 0/58 ، 0/64 و 0/53 و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪي ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزي ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري در ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار ﻟﯿﺰرل ﻧﺴﺨﻪ 8/5 ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﺧﺪﻣﺖﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ واﺳﻄﻪاي ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن، ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮي ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺴﺎد اداري دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﺧﺪﻣﺖﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺴﺎد اداري ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ دارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﻣﻮﯾﺪ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﺧﺪﻣﺖﻣﺤﻮر ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﺠﺎد راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي ﺿﺪ ﻓﺴﺎد در ﺑﺨﺶ دوﻟﺘﯽ فراهم آورد

Todays, offering solutions for preventing of administrative corruption or reducing it, is an essential issue in public administration studies. Several factors effect on administrative corruption in public sector. This research aimed to examine the effect of public service motivation on administrative corruption with the mediating role of employees' commitment. This research is an applied and descriptive and correlation one. The statistical population was public organization's employees of Shahr-e-Babak that based upon Morgan's table, 260 persons of them selected by stratified random sampling method as a sample. For collecting data, three standard questionnaires were used that their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient (0/87, 0/90, 0/88) and CR (0/88, 0/91, 0/87) and for validity was used AVE index (0/58, 0/64, 0/53) and confirmative factor analysis. Findings through structural equation modeling with LISREL 8/5 software demonstrated that public service motivation with the mediating role of employees'commitment has a negative effect on administrative corruption. Also, public service motivation directly effects on administrative corruption. The results confirm that public service motivation can provide an appropriate context for developing anti-corruption strategies in public sector.