مطالعه خرافه‌گرايي در ميان دانشجويان با رويكرد كيفي

The study of Superstitionism among students with qualitative approach

پژوهش حاضر درصدد است تا به روش‌شناسي كيفي و با رويكرد پديدارشناسي به فهم عميق تجربة زيستة خرافه‌گرايي در ميان دانشجويان دختر مقطع كارشناسي ارشد دانشگاه تبريز بپردازد. جامعة مورد مطالعه اين پژوهش دانشجويان دختر مقطع ارشد دانشگاه تبريز است كه حداقل دو بار در يك سال اخير 1394-1395 به فال‌بين مراجعه كرده‌اند. مصاحبه‌ها به روش مصاحبة عميق و نيمه ‌ساختاريافته انجام شده است و تا جايي كه از نظر پژوهشگر به اشباع نظري برسد، ادامه يافته است. اعتبار پژوهش با درنظرگرفتن مكان و زمان پژوهش و حداقل دخالت ارزشي از سوي مصاحبه‌گر صورت گرفته است. بعد از گردآوري داده‌ها و مطالعة متن مصاحبه‌ها، داده‌ها بعد از بازبيني‌هاي مكرر كدگذاري و مقوله‌بندي شدند. نتايج يافته‌هاي پژوهش حاضر حاكي از آن است كه پديدة خرافه‌گرايي به پيامدهاي ذهني منفي از جمله تقديرگرايي، وابستگي فكري و تأثيرگذاري منفي بر ذهن آزمون‌شوندگان منجر مي‌شود. همچنين از جمله متغيرهاي تأثيرگذار بر خرافه‌گرايي در پژوهش حاضر مي‌توان به احساس ناتواني، پيشينة خانوادگي (تجربة آموخته‌شده)، نظام مردسالاري حاكم بر فضاي جامعه و بي‌هنجاري اشاره كرد. در پايان پژوهش برآيند متغيرهاي تأثيرگذار در گرايش به خرافه‌گرايي ماتريس شرطي «تخدير ذهنيت» حاصل شده است.

In the era of globalization, the development of modern institutions has created fears and hopes for social actors on a global scale and regional. Because, according to the views of scholars such as Giddens, psychological sense of meaninglessness, anxiety, depression, stress, choices, ontological insecurity, etc. are unintended consequences of modernity. In the situation of postmodernism, some of the social actors to exit the challenges of late modernity and overcome the pressure and feeling of meaninglessness rather than follow over the religious values and maximum capacity of meaning-making religion in all fields, the they is sometimes superstitious scientism (the action is inherently illogical and inconsistent with religious teachings). Academic Human as well as other social actors are not excluded from it. Thus, present study aims to understanding the lived experience of superstitions among M.A. female students of Tabriz University through establishing qualitative methodology and phenomenological approach. Statistical society of present study is M.A. female students of Tabriz University who referred to soothsayer at least two times from 2015 to 2016. Interviews conducted via In-depth and semi-structured approach. Interviews has continued till reaching theoretical saturation from researcher’s perspective. Research validity measured by author regarding to time and location of study and with minimum value interface. After collecting the data, interviews’ transcripts have been studied. an‎d after repeated reviews data was encoded and categorized. The results of present study suggested that the phenomenon of superstition leads to negative mental consequences such as Fatalism, intellectual dependence and negative impact on the minds of respondents. Also, in this study, among the affecting variables on superstitions disability in solving problem, family background (learned experience), prevailing patriarchal system in the society and Anomie could be mentioned. an‎d at the end of study resultant of effective variables obtained for tendency to superstitions of conditional matrix of mental stupefaction.