تحليلي بر رضايتمندي دانش آموزان از مولفه هاي كالبدي مدرسه با تاكيد بر يادگيري مشاركتي بررسي موردي: مدارس پسرانه دوره اول متوسطه تبريز

Analysis of Student Satisfaction from Physical Components of School with an Emphasis on Cooperative LearningCase Study: Boys' Secondary Schools in Tabriz

توجه به ويژگي هاي محيط كالبدي و تاثير آن بر يادگيري در فضاهاي آموزشي مي تواند به يادگيري بهتر دانش آموزان و همچنين رضايت آنها از محيط كمك كند. ازاين رو، در طراحي مدارس توجه به نياز كاربران از اهميت بسيار بالايي برخوردار است. هدف از تحقيق، تحليل رضايتمندي دانش آموزان از مولفه هاي كالبدي مدرسه با تاكيد بر يادگيري مشاركتي است. روش تحقيق پژوهش از لحاظ هدف كاربردي و از نظر روش، پيمايشي (زمينه يابي) است و براي تحليل داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS 24 استفاده شده است. جامعه آماري آن شامل 4911 نفر دانش آموز پسر مقطع متوسطه (دوره اول) در شهر تبريز است كه نمونه شامل 356 نفر از طريق فرمول كوكران به دست آمد. پرسش نامه بين دانش آموزان چهار مدرسه كه به طور خوشه اي از مناطق ده گانه شهر انتخاب شدند، توزيع گرديد. تحليل ها مبني بر عدم رضايت دانش آموزان از محيط كالبدي است و دانش آموزان خواستار فضاهايي با معماري بر مبناي يادگيري و فعاليت مشاركتي بودند. نتايج نشان داد كه ميانگين وضعيت رضايت از محيط كالبدي مدارس پايين تر از ميانگين متوسط جامعه است و همچنين ساختار كالبدي مدارس براي يادگيري مشاركتي مناسب نبوده، در وضعيت نامطلوبي قرار دارد. درنهايت نتايج مستخرج از پژوهش حاكي از آن است كه ايجاد فضاهايي با هندسه و مبلمان انعطاف پذير و اجتماع پذير، توجه به رنگ، جذابيت بصري، آسايش محيطي و فضاي سبز امري مهم در جهت ايجاد فضايي مطلوب و مناسب براي دانش آموزان به شمار مي رود.

Anything that contributes to the formation of a person's personality is undoubtedly influenced by the environment in which he was brought up. In an educational system, there are many factors that work together to make learning and academic achievement possible for students. Educational space is one of the most influential factors in learning that affects the audience performance and is particularly important among other factors, such as teaching method. Research has shown that the physical environment of schools as a dynamic, viable and influential factor, plays a role in the quality of student education. Therefore, all elements of educational environment should be designed and implemented in order to increase learning skills according to the needs and behavior of the students. Students spend most of their time in school besides home. The physical and mental environment of the school can play an effective role in the process of education and formation of student’s social role. Cooperative learning is one of the approaches which, as an active teaching method, increases social interaction and effective learning. The purpose of the present research is to analyze student satisfaction with the physical school components with an emphasis on cooperative learning. The most fundamental questions in the present research include these two basic questions: What are the factors affecting the physical environment in order to increase student satisfaction in schools? an‎d what principles should be used to design school space architecture to enhance learning? In this regard, first, the influential components in the educational environment are examined, then the degree of satisfaction with the current status of schools and students' desire for an environment that adapts to participatory learning has been analyzed. The research method is survey with an applied approach, and for analyzing the data, SPSS24 software has been used. The statistical population was selected from 4, 911 secondary school boys in Tabriz, which included 356 students using Cochran formula, and a questionnaire was distributed among students of four schools from 10 regions of the city, using clustering method. The analysis was based on students' dissatisfaction with the physical environment, and students requested architectural spaces based on learning and cooperative activity. The results showed that the average satisfaction level with the physical school environments is lower than the society average, and also the physical structure of the schools is not suitable for cooperative learning and is in an unfavorable situation. Finally, the results of the research suggest that creation of spaces with flexible and social geometry and furniture, attention to color, visual appeal, environmental comfort and green space is important for creating a suitable space for students. Therefore, it can be concluded that the elements that constitute the environment of schools are effective in the learning process and attention to the variables mentioned in the design is completely necessary. Besides, if physical environment of the school has favorable conditions for participatory learning, the level of satisfaction and interest in learning will increase in students and education will be properly achieved.