چكيده فارسي :
مورد هدف قرار گرفتن بيمارستانهاي متعدد در طول جنگ تحميلي، نشان دهندة اهميت و لزوم حفظ اين بناهاي حياتي در مواقع بحران مي باشد؛ از طرفي با توجه به اينكه ضعيف ترين بخش بنا در برابر امواج انفجار، كالبد خارجي بنا است؛ لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف كاهش آسيب پذيري اين بخش از بنا در برابر امواج انفجار، به روش توصيفي-تحليلي و مطالعات پيمايشي، به بررسي و اولويت بندي شاخصهاي معماري كالبد خارجي بناهاي درماني از منظر پدافند غيرعامل پرداخته است؛ در ابتدا پس از استخراج شاخص هاي مذكور از منابع معتبر علمي و كتابخانه اي، پرسشنامة AHP تهيه و در اختيار 5 نفر از متخصصان و اساتيد اين حوزه قرار داده شده است. پس از محاسبة ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ و تأييد پايايي و روايي پرسشنامه، تعداد 32 نفر از جامعة، به روش نمونه گيري هدفمند، به عنوان اعضاي نمونه انتخاب و پرسشنامه ميان آنها توزيع گرديد. در نهايت با تحليل 28 پرسشنامة بازگردانده شده در نرم افزار Expert choice، ميزان اهميت شاخصها كه به ترتيب شامل شاخص هاي مرتبط با طراحي پوستة دوم، فرم كلي بنا، مصالح نما، ديوارهاي خارجي، بازشوها و ورودي ميباشد، تعيين گرديد. اين نتيجه حاكي از تأثير بسزاي طراحي پوستة دوم بنا به مثابه سپر دفاعي در برابر امواج ناشي از انفجار مي باشد.
چكيده لاتين :
From the perspective of passive defense, among the public buildings of the city, therapeutic buildings are of great importance and can be considered as important and sensitive centers. Among the architectural components of this category of buildings, the exterior body is the weakest part of the building against explosion, therefore its pathology can be very effective in reducing deaths and dealing with crisis threats. In this regard, this research, by descriptive-analytical method and survey studies, has investigated and prioritized exterior body architecture indicators of perspective of passive defense. First, by extracting these indices through a study of book and scientific articles published in the authoritative journals, AHP questionnaire was developed to compare these indices. The statistical population in this study was experts and professors in the field of passive defense in architecture. At first, the questionnaire was distributed among 5 of them, then, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was calculated using spss software and the number .764 was obtained. Finally, the validity and reliability of this questionnaire was confirmed. Then 32 people were selected by purposeful sampling method and questionnaires were distributed among them. 28 questionnaires from 32 questionnaires were returned. After analyzing them in Expert choice software, the result show that the priority of the exterior body architectural indicators of the therapeutic buildings in terms of impotence are as follow: indices for the second shell design, general form of the building, facade, exterior wall, windows and entrance. The result reminds us of the necessity of preserving the use and body of Therapeutic buildings in time of threat and crisis, taking into account the priority of the indicators outlined in the building exterior body architecture design.
