چكيده فارسي :
در باره «حق معلوم» در آيه 24 معارج ديدگاههاي مختلفي وجود دارد. برخي با استناد به نظر مشهور و با استشهاد به روايات، آن را غير از زكات و برخي ديگر با مدني شمردن اين سوره و با استناد به ادلهاي، آن را زكات دانستهاند. با توجه به تفاوت ديدگاهها در مكي يا مدنيبودن اين آيه، در باره زكات، سه ديدگاه: واجب، غيرواجب و تفصيلي؛ اعم از واجب و غيرواجب وجود دارد. دستاورد اين پژوهش، پس از بررسي ديدگاههاي مربوطه، آن است كه مفسران بين معناي اصطلاحي و لغوي زكات، خلط كردهاند. در اين ميان دو ديدگاه زكات واجب و اعم از واجب و غيرواجب نادرست بهنظر ميرسد. آيه در صدد بيان اين نكته است كه پرداختهاي مالي؛ اعم از إعطا، انفاق، صدقه، خمس و زكات، براي پالايش انسان از رذايل اخلاقي است.
چكيده لاتين :
There are different views on the "haqqun ma`lum" in the verse 24 of Ma`arej. Some, being documented by the famous view and traditions have considered it as being other than Zakat, while others, regarding it as a verse revealed in Medina, have considered it as being Zakat. regarding the differences of its being revealed in Mecca or Medina, there may be found three views on Zakat: some have known it as being religiously necessary, some as not being necessary and some as being the former in cases and not being necessary in other cases. The result of this research, after examining relevant points of view, is that commentators have confused the term between the technical and the literal meanings of the word zakat. In this way, the former and the latter both are incorrect. The verse seeks to point out that financial payments, including giving gifts, i`ita, giving charity, infaq, alms giving, sadaqeh, a fifth, khomos, and poor-due, zakat, are the causes for becoming pure from ill morality.