بررسي رابطه ميان رهبري موثق و بي تفاوتي سازماني با نقش ميانجي توانمندسازي روانشناختي در ميان معلمان

The Relationship between Authentic Leadership and Organizational Indifference among Teachers: The Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment

در ﻋﺼﺮ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺑﯽﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﺷﯿﻮع آن در ﻣﯿﺎن ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﺳﺒﺐ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﯿﺎن رﻫﺒﺮي ﻣﻮﺛﻖ و ﺑﯽﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن دورة اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري آن ﻫﻤﮥ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن دورة اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ1396-97 )5076 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ آﻣﺎري 361 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان و ﺑﻪروش ﻃﺒﻘﻪاي ﺑﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ از اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ رﻫﺒﺮي ﻣﻮﺛﻖ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﮥ واﻟﻤﺒﻮا، آووﻟﯿﻮ،ﮔﺎردﻧﺮ، ورﻧﺰﯾﻨﮓ و ﭘﯿﺘﺮﺳﻮن)2008(، ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﯽﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﮥ داﻧﺎﯾﯽﻓﺮد، ﺣﺴﻦزاده و ﺳﺎﻻرﯾﻪ )1389( و ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﮥ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ اﺳﭙﺮﯾﺘﺰر و ﻣﯿﺸﺮا)1995( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ، روش ﻣﺪلﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎت ﺟﺰﺋﯽ smartpls2 ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺎن رﻫﺒﺮي ﻣﻮﺛﻖ و ﺑﯽﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ)0/208- =β ( راﺑﻄﻪ وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻣﯿﺎن رﻫﺒﺮي ﻣﻮﺛﻖ و ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ)0/598=β ( راﺑﻄﻪ وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻣﯿﺎن ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﺑﯽﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ )0/726- =β ( راﺑﻄﻪ وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺎن رﻫﺒﺮي ﻣﻮﺛﻖ و ﺑﯽ-ﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ )0/641- =β (راﺑﻄﻪ وﺟﻮد دارد. در اﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ، وﻗﺘﯽﮐﻪ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ وارد ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، داراي ﻗﺪرت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪﻋﺒﺎرت دﯾﮕﺮ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ رﻫﺒﺮي ﻣﻮﺛﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﯽﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﻣﯽﺷﻮد.

The widespread organizational indifference is of great concern to contemporary organizational leadership, leading to attempts at finding ways of preventing or controlling it. In this research the mediating role of psychological empowerment between leadership and indifference is examined. The respondents to a set of questionnaires on the three constructs are a sample of 361 elementary school teachers selected randomly and categorically from among all 5076 such teachers in Kermanshah. Data analyses revealed a probable reduction in organizational indifference as a result of authentic leadership since such leadership apparently leads to psychological empowerment, and this to lower indifference.