تاثير يوگاي مغز بر هوش سيال، ادراك بينايي فضايي، پيشرفت تحصيلي و تعادل كودكان آهسته گام

Effectiveness of SuperBrain Yoga exercise on fluid intelligence, visual spatial perception, academic achievement and balance in slow paced children

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﯾﮏ دوره ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﯾﻮﮔﺎي ﻣﻐﺰ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻫﻮش، ادراك ﺑﯿﻨﺎﯾﯽ- ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ و ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ و ﺗﻌﺎدل اﯾﺴﺘﺎي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﭘﺴﺮ آﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﮔﺎم ﺑﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ و ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن- ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺴﺮ )56 ﭘﺴﺮ( آﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﮔﺎم ﻣﺪرﺳﻪ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﯽ ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺑﻬﺸﺘﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﻮد. ﺷﺮﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ 20 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﭘﺴﺮان آﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﮔﺎم ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ و اﻧﺤﺮاف اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺳﻨﯽ )8/3±0/76 ﺳﺎل( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه 10 ﻧﻔﺮي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻗﺮار داده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ 12 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﯾﻮﮔﺎي ﻣﻐﺰ را اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ آزﻣﻮن ﻫﻮش وﮐﺴﻠﺮ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن وﯾﺮاﯾﺶ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ )WISC-V( و آزﻣﻮن ﻟﮏﻟﮏ اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه )MST( ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎي از آزﻣﻮن t ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﯾﻮﮔﺎي ﻣﻐﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻫﻮش ﺳﯿﺎل )0/81=P(، ادراك ﺑﯿﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ )0/16=P( و ﺗﻌﺎدل اﯾﺴﺘﺎ )0/11=P( ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ؛ وﻟﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار داﺷﺖ )0/04=P(. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ در ﮐﻨﺎر ﺳﺎﯾﺮ آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺪاول ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ، از ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﯾﻮﮔﺎي ﻣﻐﺰ در ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن آﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﮔﺎم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد.

The present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of Superbrain Yoga exercise on fluid intelligence, visual spatial perception, academic achievement and balance in slow paced children. This quasi-experimental study was conducted as a pretest-posttest with control group design. The statistical population of this study consisted of students with intellectual disabilities of Shahid Beheshti Exceptional School in Tehran. The study participants were 20 boys with mean and standard deviation (76/0±3/8) years old who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned into experiment (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The experiment group performed 12 sessions of Experimental Yoga exercises. The data collection tool was Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fifth Ed (Karami, 2017) and Modified Stroke Test (Sabzi, Damanpak & Tatari Hasan Gavyar; 2019). The data were analyzed using independent t test. Based on the findings of this study, Superbrain Yoga exercises did not have a significant effect on improving fluid intelligence (P = 0.81), visual spatial perception (P=0.16) and static equilibrium (P=0.19), but there was a significant effect on academic achievement of children (p=0.04). The results of this study showed that it would be advisable to use Superbrain Yoga exercises for improving educational achievement for Slow Paced Children, along with other commonly used educational programs.