آلودگي ماهيان آب شيرين حوزه ي قشلاق، استان كردستان به انگل هاي كرمي

Infection of freshwater fishes to helminth parasites in Gheshlagh basins, Kurdistan Province

در اين مطالعه، 300 عدد ماهي از نه گونه در دو ايستگاه حوزه ي قشلاق استان كردستان شامل رودخانه و سد قشلاق از نظر آلودگي به انگل هاي كرمي از شهريور 1395 تا مرداد 1396 مورد بررسي قرار گرفتند. كرم هاي جداشده شامل سه گون (Digenea Clinostomum complanatum، Posthodiplostomum sp.‌و Allocreadium sp.)، دو گونه كرم نواري (Khawia armenica و Schyzocotyle acheilognathi)، دو گونه مونوژن (Dactylogyrus hypophthalmichthys و Paradiplozoon sp.) و يك گونه كرم خاربرسر (Pallisentis (Pallisentis) cholodkowskyi) بودند. گونه هاي Digenea فقط از ايستگاه رودخانه، مونوژن ها از سد و كرم هاي نواري و خاربرسر از هر دو ايستگاه جداسازي شدند. C. damascina با داشتن شش گونه انگل، S. cephalus چهار گونه و A. mossulensisبا سه گونه داراي بيشترين گونه انگل بودند. در اين مطالعه 45٪ ماهيان به انواع انگل ها آلوده بودند و Posthodiplostomum sp.‌ با 7/26٪ و P. (P.) cholodkowskyi با 7/10٪ بيشترين آلودگي را داشتند. بيشترين شدت آلودگي (mean abundance) به ترتيب مربوط به P. (P.) cholodkowskyi (3/2±63/0) و Posthodiplostomum sp. (2/1±56/0) بود و بيشترين شدت آلودگي (mean intensity) مربوط به( P. ) cholodkowskyi 3/4±3/1) و (Posthodiplostomum sp. (5/2±1/1) بود. شدت و درصد آلودگي به تفكيك فصل نمونه برداري و گروه هاي طولي ماهي بررسي شد. اين مطالعه اولين گزارش از آلودگي به C. complanatum و Posthodiplostomum sp. در استان كردستان و انگل هاي فوق براي بار اول از C. damasccina، A. mossulensis و G. rufa گزارش مي شوند.

A total of 300 freshwater fishes, belonging to nine species were collected from Gheshlagh basin. Sampling was carried out in the two stations namely river and dam Gheshlagh seasonally in the vicinity of Sanandaj city, Kurdistan Province from September 2016 to August 2017. In the present study were found three digenean trematode (Clinostomum complanatum, Posthodiplostomum sp. and Allocreadium sp.), two tapeworms (Khawia armenica and Schyzocotyle acheilognathi), two Monogenea (Dactylogyrus hypophthalmichthys and Paradiplozoon sp.) and an Acanthocephala (Pallisentis (Pallisentis) cholodkowskyi). The digenean parasites were isolated from the river, monognean parasites from the dam and the tapeworms and spiny-headed worm from both stations. The C. damascina was highly infected with parasites (6 species), followed by S. cephalus (4 species), A. mossulensis (3 species), C. trutta (2 species), B. lacerta (2 soecies), G. rufa (2 species), C. auratus (2 species) and H. molitrix (1 species). A total of 45% of fish were infected with parasites, and Posthodiplostomum sp., P. (P.) cholodkowskyi were the most prevalent (25.7% and 10.7%, respectively) and Schyzocotyle acheilognathi was scarce (0.3%). The highest mean abundance of infection was 0.63±2.3 (P. (P.) cholodkowskyi) and followed by 0.56±1.2 (Posthodiplostomum sp.) and the highest mean intensity of infection was 1.3±4.3 (P. (P.) cholodkowskyi) and 1.1±2.5 (Posthodiplostomum sp.). The prevalence and intensity of infection based on season and fish length were investigated. The present study is the first report of C. complanatum and Posthodiplostomum sp. from this region and the first report from their host species, C. damascina, A. mossulensis and G. rufa.