بررسي تأثير ادراك خطر سيلاب بر انجام رفتارهاي پيشگيرانه از طريق مؤلفۀ دلبستگي به مكان نمونه (مورد مطالعه: شهر بابل)

Investigating the effect of flood risk perception on preventive behaviors through the attachment to place component (Case Study: Babol city

ﺳﯿﻞ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﻫﺎي وﯾﺮاﻧﮕﺮ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺧﺴﺎرت ﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎري در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮي ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﮥ ﻓﻮق، ﻣﻘﺎﻟﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﺗﻼش اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﯿﺎن ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎن، ادراك ﺧﻄﺮ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮاﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ، درﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﺴﺎرات ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺳﯿﻼب ﺑﭙﺮدازد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﺑﻞ و ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ آﻣﺎري 148 ﻧﻔﺮ اﺳﺖ. روش ﺗﺤﻘ ﯿ ﻖ د ر ﭘﮋ و ﻫ ﺶ ﺣ ﺎ ﺿ ﺮ ﭘﯿ ﻤ ﺎ ﯾ ﺸ ﯽ از ﻧﻮ ع ﻋ ﻠ ّﯽ و ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ اﺳﻨﺎدي و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ و اﻧﺠﺎم آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ و ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه و آزﻣﻮن ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن در Spss اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪات ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎرز و ﺟﺪﯾﺪ درزﻣﯿﻨﮥ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﻞ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد 0/472 ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮ ادراك ﺧﻄﺮ دارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺑﺮ ادراك ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮان 1، ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺑﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮاﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮان 0/97 دارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎن و ادراك ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ 0/472 ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ را دارﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﺴﺎرات ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺳﯿﻼب، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﮥ دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎن ﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ درﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ادراك ﺧﻄﺮ اﺳﺖ، ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪاﻧﯽ را ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺧﻄﺮ ﺳﯿﻼب ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ و اﻧﺠﺎم رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮاﻧﻪ ﺗﺮﻏﯿﺐ ﮐﺮد

Floods are one of the most devastating natural phenomena that cause many human and financial losses in urban areas every year. Regarding the above problem, the present article attempts to address goal of determining the relationship between each of the variables of place attachment, risk perception and preventive behavior in order to reduce the damage caused by flood. The research method in this study is a descriptive-comparative study and is based on documentary study and questionnaire and performing hierarchical and multivariate regression tests and Pearson test in Spss. In addition, in this research, of field studies have been used to better understand the location of the site and to examine the physical, social and environmental issues. The results of the hierarchical regression test show that place attachment with a standard coefficient of 0/427 has a more significant effect on perception of risk. The results of multivariate regression show that the relationship between place attachment and perception of risk (with a power 1) is greater than the relation between place attachment and Preventive behavior (with a power of 0.97). Pearson correlation test showed that place attachment and risk perception (with a coefficient of 0.427) had the highest correlation. Therefore, to reduce the damage caused by the flood, it is possible to encourage citizens who are more at risk of flood to prepare for risks and conduct preventive behaviors through the positive effect of the place attachment, which is an important factor in increasing the risk perception.