اثر امتياز ميزباني بر عمل‌كرد تيم‌هاي ليگ برتر فوتبال ايران طي سال‌هاي 1380 تا 1390

The Effect of Host Advantage on Performance of Premier Iranian League Football During 2001 to 2011

ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎزي در ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﺑﻮده و اﻣﺘﻴﺎزات دﻳﮕﺮي از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﺗﺮي ﺗﻴﻢﻫﺎي ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن را ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه آورد. ﻫﺪف از اﺟﺮاي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻣﺘﻴﺎز ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻞﻛﺮد ﺗﻴﻢﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﻟﻴﮓ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎل اﻳﺮان ﻃﻲ دورهي ده ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺮد، ﻣﺴﺎوي، ﺑﺎﺧﺖ، ﮔﻞﻫﺎي زده و ﺧﻮرده، ﻛﺎرتﻫﺎي زرد درﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ 33 ﺗﻴﻢ در ﺑﺎزيﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ و ﺧﺎرج ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻤﻊآوري و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﭘﻮﻻرد اﻣﺘﻴﺎز ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﺴﺎن ﻧﺒﻮدن ﻣﻴﺰان ﺣﻀﻮر ﺗﻴﻢﻫﺎ، در ﻟﻴﮓ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ، ﻣﻼك ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﻴﻢﻫﺎ در اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺣﻀﻮر ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﭼﻬﺎر دوره در ﻟﻴﮓ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻣﺘﻴﺎز ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻞﻛﺮد ﺗﻴﻢﻫﺎ در ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﺎت ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﻮد (0/00=p، 1=k2=83/1 ،df). از ﻃﺮف دﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻞﻫﺎي زده در ﺑﺎزيﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﺑﺎزيﻫﺎ  در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻬﻤﺎن ﺑﻮد (10/31=p=0/000 ،df=3880 ،t). اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع در ﻣﻮرد ﮔﻞﻫﺎي ﺧﻮرده ﻧﻴﺰ ﺻﺎدق ﺑﻮد (59 /11=p=0/000 ،df=3864 ،t). ﻫﻢﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻃﻲ دوره ده ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﻴﻢﻫﺎ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﺎرتﻫﺎي زرد ﻛﻤﺘﺮي را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﻢﻫﺎي ﻣﻴﻬﻤﺎن ﻛﺴﺐ ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ(4/1 =p=0/000 ، df=3627 ،t).

Being host or playing at home is a benefit and can bring other privileges such as victory of the host. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of host privileges on the performance of teams existing in Premier Iranian League during a 10 year old period. For this purpose, data about the number of winnings, draws, loses, received goals and scored goals, yellow cards received by the 33 teams at home and away from home competitions are collected; and Polard method was used to determine host privileges. Due to the fact that the number of presence of all teams in Premier League. Due to the lack of uniformity in the presence of teams in the Premier League, the criterion for participate teams in this study was the presence of at least four courses in the league. Results indicated that advantage of hosting in the performance of teams which included in the Premier Iranian League (chi-square= 83.13, df = 1, p = 0.000). On the other hand, the number of the goals at home were significantly more than those scored at away (1p = 0.000, d = 3880, t = 10.3). This is also true in the case of received goals (p = 0.000 .d = 3864 t = 11/95). During the ten-year period, the host teams received fewer numbers of yellow cards than the guests (t = 4.1, df =3627, p = 0.000). Key words: host privilege, Premier league, Iran, Victory, Lose.