تأثير ميزان مشاركت در فعاليت هاي ورزشي فضاي باز بر دانش و رفتار زيست محيطي

The Effect of Participation in Outdoor Sport Activities on Environmental Knowledge and Behavior

ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺑﺎز ﺑﺮ داﻧﺶ و رﻓﺘﺎر زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ را اﻓﺮادي ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽدادﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺮﮐﺖ در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻓﻀﺎي آزاد ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ راﻫﭙﯿﻤﺎﯾﯽ، ﮐﻮهﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﯽ، دوﭼﺮﺧﻪﺳﻮاري در ﻃﺒﯿﻌﺖ و،... ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎرج ﺷﻬﺮ آﻣﺪه ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و 241 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﻓﺮاد در دﺳﺘﺮس، ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ آﻣﺎري اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي رﻓﺘﺎر زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ زاﻓﯿﺮودي و ﻫﺎﺗﺰﯾﮕﯿﻮرﮔﯿﺎدﯾﺲ1 (2012)، و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﮥ داﻧﺶ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﮐﻮﺗﺮل 2003)2(، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎزي ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري و ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار 2.3SmartPLS اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺑﺎز4 ﺑﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ5 اﺛﺮﮔﺬار اﺳﺖ، وﻟﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺑﺎز ﺑﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻓﺮدي6 و داﻧﺶ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ 7اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﻧﯿﺴﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ داﻧﺶ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ و ﻓﺮدي ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار اﺳﺖ. در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﻠﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺣﻀﻮر در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺑﺎز در اﯾﺠﺎد ﯾﮏ ﺗﻤﺎس ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢﺗﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮدم ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of participation in the outdoor sport activities on environmental knowledge and behavior. The statistical population consisted of those who had come to the suburbs to participate in the outdoor activities such as hiking, trekking, biking in the nature, etc. and 241 available subjects were selected randomly as the sample. The environmental behavior questionnaire by Zafeiroudi & Hatzigeorgiadis (2012) and environmental knowledge questionnaire by Cottrell (2003) were used to collect the data. The structural equation modeling and SmartPLS.2 software were used to analyze the research data. The results showed that the outdoor sport activities affected the social environmental behavior but these activities did not affect the personal environmental behavior and environmental knowledge. Also, the environmental knowledge affected the social and personal environmental behaviors. In general, this study showed that the participation in the outdoor sport activities helps people to create a more direct contact with the environment