تغييرات مايواستاتين و فول‌استاتين سرمي به هشت هفته تمرين مقاومتي در مردان سالمند مبتلا به ديابت نوع 2

Changes in Serum Myostatin and Follistatin to 8 Weeks of Resistance Training in Elderly Men with Type 2 Diabetes

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﯾﻮاﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ، ﻓﻮل اﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ در ﻣﺮدان ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع 2 ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، 20 ﻣﺮد ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع 2 )ﺳﻦ: 72/45±4/97 ﺳﺎل، وزن: 12/57 ± 79/70 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم، BMI: 4/07± 27/91 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ( اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ )10 ﻧﻔﺮ( و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )10 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ، ﺳﻪ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ در ﻫﺮ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ، 8 ﺣﺮﮐﺖ را 3 ﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ 10 ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﺎ 70 درﺻﺪ 1RM اﺟﺮا ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ و 48 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ از آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻮن ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪ. از آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري t ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﻪ و ANCOVA ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ و ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري 0/05 در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ درونﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻗﺪرت ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﻨﻪ، ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻨﻪ (0/001=P، ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻓﻮل اﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ (0/008=P) و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﯾﻮاﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ (0/03=P)، اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ، ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ (0/001=P) در ﻣﺮدان ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع 2 ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﺪ. در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺑﯿﻦﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري در ﻗﺪرت ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﻨﻪ، ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻨﻪ (0/001=P)، ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻓﻮل اﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ (0/01=P) و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري در ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﯾﻮاﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ (0/01=P)، اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ، ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ (0/001=P) اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮد. اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻓﻮلاﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ و ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻣﺎﯾﻮاﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ در ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﺴﻢ ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐﺷﺪة ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع 2 ﻣﺆﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺪرت ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ را ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on serum levels of myostatin, follistatin and insulin resistance in elderly men with type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, 20 elderly men with type 2 diabetes (age: 72.45 ± 4.97, weight: 79.70 ± 12.57, BMI: 27.91 ± 4.07) were selected and randomly divided into two groups: resistance training (n = 10) and control (n = 10). The resistance training group performed 8 movements in 3 sets with 10 repetitions at 70% 1RM for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 48 hours following the last training session. The paired t test and ANCOVA were used to analyze data in the significance level of 0.05. The results of intra-group data analysis showed that 8 weeks of resistance training significantly increased lower and upper extremity strength (P=0.001) and serum levels of follistatin (P=0.008), and significantly decreased serum levels of myostatin (P=0.03), insulin, glucose and insulin resistance index (P=0.001) in elderly men with type 2 diabetes. Also, intergroup changes showed that resistance training group showed a significant increase in lower and upper extremity strength (P=0.001) and serum levels of follistatin (P=0.01) and a significant decrease in serum levels of myostatin (P=0.01), insulin, glucose and insulin resistance index (P=0.001). Resistance training program with follistatin upregulation and myostatin downregulation influences the improvement of the metabolism of glucose degraded by insulin resistance in the elderly with type 2 diabetes which also affects muscle strength.