بررسي عوامل مؤثر بر كارآفريني و خلاقيت دانشجويان رشته‌هاي كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي (بررسي موردي: دانشگاه اروميه)‌

Investigating factors affecting entrepreneurship and creativity of Natural Resources and Agricultural students (case Study: Urmia University)

در اين پژوهش عوامل مؤثر بر كارآفريني و خلاقيت دانشجويان رشته هاي كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. در ابتدا مؤلفه هاي مختلف كارآفريني دانشجويان مورد بررسي قرار گفت تا نقاط قوت و ضعف ها مشخص شوند. با توجه به ماهيت موضوع و هدف پژوهش، اين پژوهش ازنظر روش گردآوري داده ها، توصيفي-پيمايشي و از نظر هدف، كاربردي است. ابزار جمع آوري داده ها در اين پژوهش، پرسشنامه استانداردشده سنجش استعداد كارآفريني كردنائيج و پرسشنامه خلاقيت عابدي بود. جامعه آماري شامل 2454 نفر بود. براي تعيين پايايي پرسشنامه ها از روش آلفاي كرونباخ استفاده شد. از آزمون هاي ضريب همبستگي پيرسون، ضريب همبستگي اسپيرمن و آزمون اتا به منظور بررسي عوامل مؤثر استفاده شد. نتايج نشان داد، ارتباط سن و تعداد اعضاي خانوار به ترتيب با ضرايب پيرسون 091/0 و 023/0-و سطح درآمد خانوادگي و مقطع تحصيلي به ترتيب با ضرايب اسپيرمن 041/0 و 089/0 با خلاقيت معني دار نيست. همچنين ارتباط سن و تعداد اعضاي خانوار به ترتيب با ضرايب پيرسون 040/0 و 039/0-و سطح درآمد خانوادگي و مقطع تحصيلي به ترتيب با ضرايب اسپيرمن 028/0 و 018/0 با كارآفريني معني دار نيست. ولي رشته تحصيلي و جنسيت به ترتيب با ضرايب اتا 521/0 و 487/0 با خلاقيت و به ترتيب با ضرايب اتا 628/0 و 620/0 با كارآفريني ارتباط معني دار دارد.

In this research, factors affecting entrepreneurship and creativity of students in agricultural and natural resources were studied. Initially, various entrepreneurship components of the students were studied to identify the strengths and weaknesses and make decision makers able to make appropriate decisions in order to promote student entrepreneurship based on the results. Considering the nature of the subject and the purpose of the research, this research is based on the method of data collection, descriptive survey and purposeful application. The data gathering tool in this research was a standardized questionnaire of Kordenaeej entrepreneurship and Abedi's creativity questionnaire. The population included 2454 students that studied at the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources in the academic year 1394-1395. To determine the reliability of the questionnaires, Cronbach's alpha method was used in this research. Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient and Eta test were used to evaluate the effective factors. The results showed that the relationship between age and number of household members with Pearson coefficients was 0.091 and 0.023, respectively, and family income and educational level were not significant with creativity with Spearman coefficients of 0.041 and 0.089, respectively. Also, the relationship between age and number of household members with Pearson coefficients 0.040 and -0.39 respectively, and family income and educational level were not significant with Spearman coefficients of 0.028 and 0.018 with entrepreneurship, respectively. However, the field of study and gender were significantly correlated with Eta coefficients of 0.51 and 0.448 with creativity, respectively, with coefficients of Eta 0.68 and 0.620 with entrepreneurship, respectively.