شناسايي مولكولي چهار گونه از شكم پايان سواحل صخره‌اي خليج‌فارس

The Molecular Identification of four Species of Gastropoda on Rocky Shores of the Persian Gulf

در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از ﺷﮑﻢ ﭘﺎﯾﺎن در آبﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از ژنﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﺘﻮﮐﻨﺪرﯾﺎﯾﯽ COI و 16S rRNA اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري در ﻣﻬﺮﻣﺎه 1392 و اردﯾﺒﻬﺸﺖ و ديﻣﺎه1393 در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺻﺨﺮهاي ﺷﻤﺎل ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي Cerithidea cingulata ، Planaxis sulcatus ، Siphonaria savignyi وOnchidium peronii ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج DNA ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﻮدر chelex و ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻨﺎزk ، ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ژﻧﯽ زﯾﺮ واﺣﺪ I ﺳﯿﺘﻮﮐﺮوم اﮐﺴﯿﺪاز )COI( و S 16rRNA اﻧﺠﺎم و ﺗﻮاﻟﯽ ﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. درﻣﺠﻤﻮع6 ﺗﻮاﻟﯽ COI و 3 ﺗﻮاﻟﯽ16S rRNA ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺎر از ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﺧﻠﯿﺞﻓﺎرس ﮔﺰارش و در ﺑﺎﻧﮏ ژن ﺑﻪ ﺛﺒﺖ رﺳﯿﺪ. آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﻠﻮژﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰارﻫﺎي MEGA6 و PAUP و ﺑﺎ رﺳﻢ درﺧﺖﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﻠﻮژﻧﯽ Maximum Likelihood وMaximum Parsimony ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺠﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﻫﺮ دو ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﯿﺘﻮﮐﻨﺪرﯾﺎﯾﯽ در ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ دو ﻧﻮع درﺧﺖ Ml و MP رﺳﻢ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ و آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪه، ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﯾﮑﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﯽ از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮﻫﺎيCOI و 16S rRNA ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ و ﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ در ﺗﻮﭘﻮﻟﻮژي درﺧﺖﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﻠﻮژﻧﯽ رﺳﻢ ﺷﺪه و ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺠﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ آنﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﺷﺪ، ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮدن ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ ﮔﺮهﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﯾﻪ در آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪه، اﺛﺒﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ژﻧﯽCOI ، ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮي ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﺣﻞ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

In this study molecular identification of four species of Gastropoda have been studied based on mitochondrial genes, COI and 16S rRNA in the present work for the first time in the northern rocky coastal zones of Persian Gulf during years 2013 and 2014. Planaxis sulcatus، Cerithidea cingulata، Siphonaria savignyi and Onchidium peronii Identified. After morphological identification, DNA extraction, amplifying partial of cytochrome oxidase COI and 16S rRNA and sequencing procedure were done in the laboratory. In this study 6 COI and 3 16S rRNA sequencing belonging to these species were measured and reported for the first time. Also, phylogeny analyses with drawing phylogeny trees of Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony were done using MEGA6 and PAUP softwares. The result showed that molecular and morphological studies have the same results for this species. Also sequences from both COI and 16S rRNA did not show difference in identification and topology of phylogeny trees.