تعيين سطح غلظت فلزات سنگين مس، روي و آهن در بافت عضله ماهي صبيتي (Acanthopagrus cuvieri) در بندر بوشهر

Determining the concentration of heavy metals copper, zinc and iron in the muscle tissue of Acanthopagrus cuvieri in Bushehr port

اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﺲ، روي و آﻫﻦ در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺻﺒﯿﺘﯽ )Acanthopagrus cuvieri( در ﺑﻨﺪر ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﺪاد 30 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺻﺒﯿﺘﯽ )A. cuvieri( ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وزﻧﯽ 840/73±156/101 ﮔﺮم و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻃﻮﻟﯽ 34/28±3/089 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ در ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻬﺎر ﺳﺎل 1397 ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ را ﺑﺎ آب ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮ داده و ﻣﻘﺪاري از ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺧﺸﮏ ﮐﺮدن رﻃﻮﺑﺖ و آب ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﯿﺎن ﺑﺎﻓﺘﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 0/5 ﮔﺮم ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﯽ ﭘﻮدر ﺷﺪه ﺟﺪا و ﺑﺎ 5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ اﺳﯿﺪ ﻧﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﻏﻠﯿﻆ ﻫﻀﻢ اﺳﯿﺪي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﺲ، روي و آﻫﻦ از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺟﺬب اﺗﻤﯽ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮره ﮔﺮاﻓﯿﺘﯽ Perkin 3030 Elmer اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﻠﺰات ﻣﺲ، روي و آﻫﻦ در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺻﺒﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 61/12±0/14 ،6/32±0/22 و 4/86±0/36 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﺲ و روي در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺻﺒﯿﺘﯽ در ﺑﻨﺪر ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﺮ از ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠﺎز اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ )WHO(، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻏﺬا و ﮐﺸﺎورزي )FAO(، ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ و ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ اﺳﺘﺮاﻟﯿﺎ )NHMRC( و وزارت ﮐﺸﺎورزي، ﺷﯿﻼت و ﻏﺬاي اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن )UK(MAFF ﺑﻮد؛ اﻣﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻠﺰ ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ آﻫﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺠﺎز اﻋﻼم ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻏﺬا و دارو آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ )FDA( اﻋﻼم ﺷﺪ. ازاﯾﻦ رو اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ازاﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺼﺎرف اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﯽ را از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ اﯾﺠﺎد ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﮐﺮد.

The present research was carried out with the aim of measuring the levels of the heavy metals Cu, Zn and Fe in the muscle tissues of the Acanthopagrus cuvieri in Bushehr port. To this end, 30 A. cuvieri with an average of 840.73±156.101 gr and 34.28±3.089 cm were hunted in spring 2018. The samples were washed with distilled water and a portion of the pure muscle tissues was isolated. After dehydrating the tissues and discharging the water in the intertextual space, 0.5 gr of the powdered tissue sample was isolated and the acid digestion of the samples was carried out using 5 ml of concentrated nitric acid. To measure the levels of the heavy metals Cu, Zn and Fe a (Perkin Elmer 3030) atomic absorption spectrophotometer was employed. The results of measuring the concentrations of the heavy metals Cu, Zn and Fe in the muscle tissues of the A. cuvieri suggested that the mean and standard deviation were (6.32±0.22, 61.12±0.14 and 4.86±0.36) mg/kg dry weight during spring, respectively. The results of this study revealed that the Cu and Zn concentration in muscle tissues of A. cuvieri in study station were lower than the levels permitted within the standards of World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) (NHMRC), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and Fisheries UK (MAFF). But Fe concentration in muscle tissues of Acanthopagrus cuvieri in study station was higher than the level permitted within the standard of Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Hence, these two species will not pose severe general health risks to human consumers.