اثر تزريق هورمون تيروكسين بر عملكرد رشد و توليدمثل مولدين ماده استرلياد (Acipenser ruthenus)

Effect of thyroxine injection on female growth and reproductive performance of sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus

ﻫﻮرﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﺗﯿﺮوﺋﯿﺪي ]ﺗﺮي ﯾﺪوﺗﯿﺮوﻧﯿﻦ )T3( و ﺗﯿﺮوﮐﺴﯿﻦ )T4([ ﻧﻘﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ رﺷﺪ، ﺑﻠﻮغ ﺟﻨﺴﯽ، ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ اﺳﻤﺰي، ﺗﺤﻤﻞ دﻣﺎﯾﯽ، ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت، ﻣﺼﺮف اﮐﺴﯿﮋن و ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﺴﻢ در ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن اﯾﻔﺎ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن T4 ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﺷﺪ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ اﺳﺘﺮﻟﯿﺎد )Acipenser ruthenus( اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ دو ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮوه و ﭘﻨﺞ ﻋﺪد ﻣﺎﻫﯽ )وزن ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ آﻏﺎزﯾﻦ 37/15 ± 707/97 ﮔﺮم( ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮوه در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 1- ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )روﻏﻦ ﻧﺎرﮔﯿﻞ(، 2- ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن T4 (T1، 1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم T4 ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺑﺪن + روﻏﻦ ﻧﺎرﮔﯿﻞ( و 3- ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن T4 (T10، 10 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم T4 ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺑﺪن + روﻏﻦ ﻧﺎرﮔﯿﻞ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﭼﻬﺎر دوره ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت داﺧﻞ ﺻﻔﺎﻗﯽ در ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺎده اﺳﺘﺮﻟﯿﺎد ﻫﺮ 2 ﻣﺎه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 170 روز اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﺷﺪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﺪﯾﻦ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﺷﺪ ﻻرو در اﻧﺘﻬﺎي دوره اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ دوز ﺑﺎﻻي ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن T4 را درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از دﯾﮕﺮ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر T10 ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺮخ ﻟﻘﺎح )0/6 ± 73/4 درﺻﺪ( را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )2/2 ± 46/1 درﺻﺪ( ﻧﺸﺎن داد )0/05< P(. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺗﺨﻤﮏ در ﮔﺮم در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )8/6 ± 134/3( ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺨﻢ ﮔﺸﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي T1 )2/2 ± 82/00 درﺻﺪ( و T10 )5/0 ± 72/3 درﺻﺪ( ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ )0/05< P بالاترين و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ وزن ﮐﺴﺐﺷﺪه ﻻوري ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر T10 )0/0 ± 0/052 ﮔﺮم( و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ) (0.027 ± 0.0 g) ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﺷﺪ ﻻرو ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻻروﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﻮﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 1 T بيشترين وزن ﮐﺴﺐﺷﺪه، ﻧﺮخ رﺷﺪ وﯾﮋه، ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر وﺿﻌﯿﺖ و ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻘﺎ را دارا ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﺗﯿﺮوﮐﺴﯿﻦ در دوز 10 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﻪ ازاي ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺑﺪن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺳﺒﺐ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻞ در ﻣﻮﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﺎده و ﻻرو ﻣﺎﻫﯽ اﺳﺘﺮﻟﯿﺎد ﮔﺮدد.

Thyroid hormones [Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)] are also known to play an important function in biological processes such as growth, sexual development, osmoregulation, metamorphosis, temperature tolerance, migration, oxygen consumption, and metabolism in different fish species. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of T4 injection on growth performance, and reproduction performance in sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus). Three treatments with two replicates and 5 fish (initial weight 707.97 ± 37.15 g) for each group were considered. The experimental treatments included: control (coconut oil), low dose of T4 (T1; 1 mg T4/kg body weight + coconut oil) and high dose of T4 (T10; 10 mg T4/kg body weight + coconut oil). Four intraperitoneally injections of sterlet sturgeon female were performed every 2 months over a 170 days period. Growth performance, reproductive parameters and larval growth performance were measured at the end of the experiment. The results showed fish treated with high dose of T4 were noted higher growth rate compare to other groups. Fish in T10 had higher fertilization rate (73.4 ± 0.6%) compared to control group (46.1 ± 2.2%) (P < 0.05). Greater number of eggs per gram was achieved in control group (134.3 ± 8.6). Also, higher hatching rate was obtained in T1 (82.00 ± 2.2%) and T10 (72.3 ± 5.0%), respectively (P < 0.05). Higher larval weight gain showed in T10 (0.052 ± 0.0 g) and control group (0.027 ± 0.0 g), respectively.. In conclusion, injection of 10 mg T4/kg body weight in sterlet sturgeon can perform positive effects on reproduction in broodstock and larval growth performance.