كليدواژه :
روش هاي پارامتريك كمي و كيفيت علمي , زاگرس چين خورده , ژئوتوريسم , ژئومورفوسايت , شهرستان گيلان غرب
چكيده لاتين :
1- Introduction
Geotourism is defined as a form of tourism, in which the geographical features of a place increase the
environment, culture, cultural heritage and well-being of its inhabitants (Quartz et al. 2008, 106). Over
the past years, the creation of geoparks and the development of geotourism have made geomorphosites
a major feature of this type of tourism (Reynard et al. 2007, 150), Because geomorphological features
are easily recognizable and are the most attractive non-living natural elements in the landscape
(ARTUGYAN ؛2014 ,92). The combination of geological features with different geographical
conditions has led to the formation of glacial and proximal glacial evidence/pieces of evidence, types of
karstic landforms and landforms caused by mass movements, water erosion, and sedimentation in
Guilan city. Therefore, the city has a rich geomorphological heritage and some of these landforms have
tourism potential due to their attractiveness and scientific importance and so far no study has been
conducted to identify and evaluate the geomorphosites in this city. Understanding the capabilities of
geotourism and identifying the geomorphosites of this city can play an important role in the economic
prosperity of this deprived and border city. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate and
identify the geomorphosites of Gilan Gharb city.
2- Methodology
This study used descriptive-analytical methods to study the geological, geographical ,and
geomorphological status of the study area and based on the criteria of scientific value, added
value and value of use (Table 1), suitable landforms were selected as geomorphosites. During
extensive field surveys in Gilan-e-Gharb township, 14 landforms with karstic, erosional,
evidence/peices of evidence, domain and tectonic motions were selected to evaluate and
identify the geomorphosites (Figure 2). Then based on quantitative parametric (QG) and
scientific (Q) quality of selected landforms quantitative and numerical are evaluated and their
ability to be introduced as geomorphosites is investigated. Finally, the results of the two
models are evaluated based on Spearman correlation and the geomorphosites of Gilan-e-Gharb
are evaluated.
3- Results
In the present study, the Gilan-e Gharab, Zardarmar cave, ghalageh Poulet of karstic origin,
the Guilin Canyon landforms, the G-shaped Govaver valley, the U-shaped Darvan ghala valley
have the karstic origin and water erosion. Balaleh Comb, Mieh Khash gap, Tang Gaul
waterfall, and Vijenan badlands are the result of the erosion of current waters cascades and
landforms landslides are the result of mass movement activity. The Ghalejeh fault wall and the
Gilan Gharb fault faults are of tectonic origin and the Ghaleh circus is the result of ice activity
during the last cold period. According to the quantitative parametric method, the selected
geomorphosites of Guilanbarg city had scores between 0.554 to 0.736 and the Guilin Canyon,
Sarab Gilanbar and Tang Golem cascades had the highest scores respectively. In this study, 14
different landforms were selected for evaluation as geomorphosites. In both methods, the
Guilin Canyon and the Sarab Gilan West have the first and second most valuable
geomorphosites, respectively. and the Tang Gaulm Waterfall geomorphosite is both highly
rated in both models. In both methods, high-rank and high-rank geomorphosites were similar
but less overlapping in middle and lower rank geomorphosites (Table 9). To compare the
results and determine the reliability of the methods used, the results of the two methods were
compared. The similarity of the results of the two models based on the Spearman correlation
coefficient was 0.54 and indicates a moderate and positive correlation between the two
methods. The high geomorphosites of Guilin Canyon and Sarab Gillan West have the karstic
origin, the narrow Golem cascade is the result of the activity of the current waters and the
landslide is the result of mass movements.
4- Discussion & Conclusions
Based on the results of both models, the karstic geomorphosites of Guilin Canyon and Sarab
Gilan Gharb are the most valuable geomorphosites. According to the quantitative parametric
method, all geomorphosites score more than 0.50 and are capable of being presented as
geomorphosites.
But according to the semi-quantitative (scientific quality) method of Balaleh Camb , the
Visjenan badlands, Ghalajeh Pole, and Zardehmar Vertical Cave have a score of less than 0.50
and are not capable of being presented as geomorphosites. A comparison of the results of the
two models based on Spearman's correlation coefficient has moderate overlap, which confirms
the significant difference between the results of the two models. This is due to various reasons
such as the diversity of genes in the selected landforms and the multiplicity of criteria in the
quantitative method. Therefore, it can be said that the quantitative method has better
performance than the semi-quantitative method (scientific quality) due to the variety of criteria
and coverage of different aspects for evaluation of geomorphocytes and also lack of expert
opinion. The results also show that the quantitative method can be used in different
geomorphological environments. Finally, it can be said that the selected geomorphic sites of
Gilan Gharb city are based on a quantitative method model with high to medium power in
geotourism.
