كليدواژه :
تحليل عاملي , اشتغال زنان , تحليل فضايي , شاخص موران , رامسر
چكيده فارسي :
ييكي از ويژگي هاي نظام سكونتگاهي در كشورهاي درحال توسعه ، تمركز شديد و عدم تعادل فضايي است، كه اين ويژگي در برخي از مواقع معلول نتايج سياست هاي رشد قطبي به شمار مي آيد. روش تحقيق در اين پژوهش از نوع كاربردي و رويكرد حاكم بر آن توصيفي و تحليلي است.در اين پژوهش بمنظور سطح بندي روستاهاي منطقه از تحليل عاملي بواسط بهره گيري از 38 شاخص استفاده گرديد. نتايج حاصل از كاربرد شاخص موران در خصوص توزيع فضايي توسعه، مثبت و برابر 0/237 است و با توجه به اينكه مقدار Z- Score برابر با 16/38 محاسبه شده در سطح اطمينان 1 درصد بزرگتر از مقدار مورد انتظار(EI=2.58) مي باشد ، درنتيجه خوشه اي بودن توزيع فضايي توسعه مناطق روستايي مورد تأييد قرار گرفت.همچنين مقدار آماره‌ي عمومي G برابر0/25 و امتياز Z برابر 3/96 مي باشد كه در سطح 0/01 معني دار است و بيانگر اين است كه با روش تلفيقي تحليل عاملي و تحليل فضايي ، سطح بندي توسعه نواحي روستايي از نوع خوشه اي در شهرستان رامسر با واقعيت عيني بيشتري در انطباق شرايط اجتماعي اقتصادي همراه است. از سوي ديگر نتايج نشان مي دهد معيار توسعه روستايي در 63 سكونتگاه روستايي در شهرستان رامسر به طور مستقيم وابسته به اشتغال زنان روستايي است كه اين تحليل با آزمون موران دو متغيره به اثبات رسيده است و نتايج دال بر تأثير مستقيم نقش زنان روستايي در توسعه روستايي در 33درصد مناطق روستايي در شهرستان رامسر قابل توجه است.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction One of the characteristics of the settlement system in developing countries is intense focus and spatial imbalance, which in some cases is due to the effects of polar growth policies. Create balance and harmony in rural public structures and systems, is one of the best examples of development. This article aims to combine statistical methods such as factor analysis to the level of development in rural areas and new methods of spatial statistics Spatial pattern recognition for the distribution of development in space and modeling spatial relationships will be the role of employment for rural women in development That kind of link development and performance it can portray the role of rural women.
Methodology The research is an applied descriptive and analytical approach to governing. Graphical and statistical analysis software ARC GIS10 and additional extention and analysis of spatial analysis in GIS Spatial Autocorrelation was used. For spatial analysis and evaluation system for rural development in the study selected 38 indicators in six departments, industry, agriculture, health, cultural - religious and economic infrastructure was classified. Research using components such as education, industry, agriculture, health, cultural - religious, economic infrastructure and utilizes statistical analysis of 196 rural settlements Ramsar city first and then the role of rural women in the spatial analysis of rural development evaluation system Placed.
Results and Discussion In line with the level of development in rural settlements of the city of Ramsar factor analysis was used. Naming agents According to the correlation of each indicator, it can be good for their names or titles selected .
1. Economic factors - physical
The amount of this agent, which alone is capable of 5/14 is the 19/6 of the variance among the four factors was to calculate and has the greatest impact, and 9 on behalf index.
2. Socio-economic factors:
Special value of 5/12 which alone is capable of 18/98of the variance calculated and is the second important factor among the four factors and 12 indicators in the covers .
3. Health and cultural factors Special value of 3/36, which alone is capable of 12/46of the variance calculation, and the third factor is between four and six factors included in the index .
4.Teaching of Agriculture Special value of 2/95, which alone is capable of 10/93 of the variance calculated and is fourth among the four factors and 11 factors included in the index. Development of spatial analysis with respect to each rural settlement composite index score was calculated and to evaluate the development of rural areas of spatial analysis to create a database in GIS environment is discussed and then using spatial autocorrelation analysis, spatial relationship and spatial distribution of development in rural areas were analyzed .The results of the application of Moran's index on the spatial distribution and the development of this positive factor Moran`s I = 0.237 which indicates that the cluster is the spatial distribution of development. As well as to analyze the spatial relationship of employment for rural women in rural development Moran bivariate test was used .So that the share of employment for rural women in development in rural areas is to what extent. The situation for the two indices developed rural areas as the dependent variable density and density rural areas the percentage share of female employment in total employment is stored as the field was done. Moran's index number 0/86 and positive results to show.
Conclusion The results show Ramsar criteria for rural development in 63 villages in the city is directly related to the employment of rural women. The Moran test bivariate analysis as a method based on spatial statistics and modeling spatial relationships have been proven. The results indicate the direct impact of rural women's role in rural development in rural areas in the city is 32/13 percent. The analysis also shows the spatial concentration of development in the sphere of influence of the two main city of Ramsar city's point that this pattern shows two clusters of HH north of the city and due to the local markets in two cities in 3 days a week for rural women constitute the majority of local retailers, It can be inferred that the weekly markets in the city of Ramsar and Ktalm and Sadat City and urban residents tend to buy the products of rural women, including crafts, food items and more. The income of rural households and their level of development also because these areas is desirable .The final results of the research, a combination of both factor analysis and spatial statistics to analyze the system performance by using the link rural development, rural development utilizes the analysis of spatial analysis level of female employment, a favorable geographical introduces and suggest important that rural studies using modern techniques such as spatial statistics can show the realities of the region.
