كليدواژه :
هويت مكاني , دلبستگي مكاني , تاب آوري , تغيير , سانحه
چكيده فارسي :
گسيختگي هويت و دلبستگي‌هاي مكاني ازجمله پيامدهاي سوانح هستند كه به نپذيرفتن تغييرات مكاني و ناهنجاريهايي در سلامت اجتماعي- رواني جامعه، به‌دليل نياز به هويت و ناديده گرفته شدن آن در فرآيند بازسازي، منجر مي‌شوند. باتوجه به تأثيرات عميق سوانح بر منظر عيني و ذهني ساكنان از هويت مكان، ايجاد فرآيندهايي براي بازيابي در چارچوب تئوري تاب‌آوري، به‌عنوان گسترده ترين رويكرد مواجهه، ضروري است. تحقيق حاضر داراي ماهيت اكتشافي با استفاده از روش تحقيق كيو با دو رويكرد كيفي و كمي است. مرحله‌ي كيفي با تركيب روش دلفي در سه دور و نظريه‌ي زمينه‌اي براي استخراج مفاهيم و مقولات انجام شد. در مرحله كمّي، پرسشنامه‌اي با سؤالات بسته درقالب گزاره‌هايي با طيف ليكرت تدوين گرديد. اعضاي پانل شامل 17 متخصص از اعضاي هيئت علمي و محققان در اين زمينه است كه ابتدا با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گيري غيرتصادفي هدفمند و در مرحله‌ي بعدي با نمونه‌گيري غيرتصادفي شبكه‌اي انتخاب شدند. درنهايت، روي داده‌ها تحليل عامل Q انجام شد »، دربين متخصصان شناسايي شد. به‌منظور شناسايي وزن هريك از معيارها، از الگوريتم و پنج نحله‌ي فكري شامل «پيوندهاي عاطفي- شناختي مكان- مبنا»، «مكان بازتابي از فرد و جمع»، «فرصت سازي به واسطه‌ي عناصر و قابليتهاي مكاني»، «كالبد، ملجا ارزش و محتوا»، «كارآمدي در مكان براي بازيابي ابعاد تاب‌آور هويت و دلبستگي مكاني و درنتيجه سازگاري با تغييرات شانون استفاده شد. با همپوشاني يافته‌هاي حاصل از اين دو روش، فرآيند بازيابي ابعاد تاب‌آور هويت و دلبستگي مكان پس از تغييرات ناشي از سوانح پيشنهاد شد.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction: Disaster occurrence undermines the basis of the place and one of its consequences is the rupture of place identity and attachments, followed by a variety of psychological and social anomalies. On the other hand, the community health is linked to its sense of identity. Contradictions become apparent when this need is distorted or overlooked in the reconstruction process. Considering the profound effects of disasters on the objective and subjective landscape of the residents, and its inevitable effects on place identity and attachment, the need to create solutions aimed at rehabilitating them during the period of reconstruction and within the framework of resilience theory as the broadest approach to dealing with disasters, is seen.
Methodology: The current research has an exploratory nature so Q Methodology with a combination of qualitative and quantitative approach has been used. In the qualitative stage, the combination of the Delphi method in three stages and the grounded theory were used to codify and extract concepts and categories. The concepts that were effective on the subject of the research were used in the formulation of closed questions of questionnaires in the form of propositions with a Likert scale of 0 to 9. Panel members included 17 experts from the faculty members of three universities in Tehran, Which were initially selected using non-random sampling method, and in the next step, a non-randomized network sampling was selected. Finally, the Q factor analysis was performed on the data. Based on the findings of the grounded theory method, 6 dimensions including, emotional-cognitive, functional, physical, semantic / historical, social and cultural and 62 indicators of place identity and attachment were identified. The findings were evaluated based on the eight criteria influencing the resilient dimensions of place such as continuity, distinction, self-esteem, self-efficacy, readiness, sustainability, creativity and flexibility. After the initial pilot by 5 experts, the most relevant target - content relationship with resiliency criteria were determined. In the next level after Q factor analyzing on the data, five schools of thought were identified among the experts. Then Shannon algorithm was used to determine the process of rehabilitating resilient dimensions of place identity and attachment.
Result and Discussion: Based on the findings, the experts identified five schools of thought including place-based cognitive-emotional connections; place as the resonance of individual and collective characteristics; providing opportunities by the features and spatial affordance of place; place as the body of values and contents; and place efficiency, which rehabilitate resilient dimensions of the place identity and attachment, and as a result adaptability to Changes caused by disasters. It was also found that according to the experts' view, place identity and attachment priority order are: emotional-cognitive, physical-functional, and ultimately cultural-social dimensions.
Conclusion: it seems that place distinction along with continuity, self-efficacy and sustainability of emotional-cognitive, functional, physical, cultural, social and semantic dimensions of place, enhances self-esteem in the place, sustain dimensions of place attachment, creativity, and innovate in place belonging, and therefore resilient place identity.
