پديد آورندگان :
ويسي علي اكبري فرحناز دانشگاه رازي كرمانشاه - دانشكده علوم و مهندسي كشاورزي , عامريان معصومه دانشگاه رازي كرمانشاه - دانشكده علوم و مهندسي كشاورزي - گروه توليد و ژنتيك گياهي , خرمي وفا محمود دانشگاه رازي كرمانشاه - دانشكده علوم و مهندسي كشاورزي - گروه توليد و ژنتيك گياهي
كليدواژه :
آﻧﺘﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﺪان , ﺟﺬب ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن , ﺳﻮخ و ﻓﻨﻮل ﮐﻞ , نيتروژن و سلنيوم
چكيده فارسي :
ﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم و ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪي و ﺑﯿﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﯿﺎز ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ )ﺗﻮده ي زرد
اﺻﻔﻬﺎن(، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ي ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه رازي و در ﺳﺎل 1396 اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اول ﺷﺎﻣﻞ زﻣﺎن ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻂ ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن )ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آزﻣﻮن ﺧﺎك ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 500 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم اوره در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﻮد( در ﺷﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ )ﻋﺪم ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻮد، ﮐﻞ ﮐﻮد در زﻣﺎن ﻧﺸﺎء، ﯾﮏ دوم ﮐﻮد در زﻣﺎن ﻧﺸﺎء، ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮم ﮐﻮد در زﻣﺎن ﻧﺸﺎء، ﯾﮏ دوم ﮐﻮد در زﻣﺎن ﻧﺸﺎء+ ﯾﮏ دوم ﮐﻮد در زﻣﺎن ﺷﺮوع ﺳﻮخ دﻫﯽ، ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮم ﮐﻮد در زﻣﺎن ﻧﺸﺎء+ ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮم ﮐﻮد در زﻣﺎن ﺷﺮوع ﺳﻮخ دﻫﯽ+ ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮم ﮐﻮد در زﻣﺎن ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﻮخ( و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر دوم ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﯽ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ )ﺻﻔﺮ، 10 و 50 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺳﻠﻨﺎت ﺳﺪﯾﻢ( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺢ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﭘﯿﺎز )21/44 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ(، وزن ﺗﺮ ﭘﯿﺎز )251/83 ﮔﺮم در ﺳﻮخ(، ﻃﻮل ﺳﻮخ )84/190 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ(، ﻗﻄﺮ ﺳﻮخ )78/66 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ(، ﻓﻨﻮل ﮐﻞ )19/87 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮم وزن ﺗﺎزه(، ﻓﻼوﻧﻮﺋﯿﺪ ﮐﻞ )9/30 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮم وزن ﺗﺎزه( و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آﻧﺘﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ )11/44 درﺻﺪ( ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ )ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، وزن ﺗﺮ، ﻃﻮل و ﻗﻄﺮ ﺳﻮخ و ﻓﻼوﻧﻮﺋﯿﺪ ﮐﻞ( داﺷﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮأم ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت رﺷﺪي ﭘﯿﺎز از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺳﻮخ )84/73 ﮔﺮم در ﺳﻮخ( و ﻧﯿﺰ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن )1 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺳﻮخ( داﺷﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن )ﻣﺼﺮف ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮم در زﻣﺎن ﮐﺸﺖ ﻧﺸﺎء+ ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮم در زﻣﺎن ﺷﺮوع ﻮخ دﻫﯽ+ ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮم در زﻣﺎن ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﻮخ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ 50 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺳﻠﻨﺎت ﺳﺪﯾﻢ( ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد.
چكيده لاتين :
In order to investigate the effects of selenium and nitrogen on some growth and biochemical characteristics of edible onion (Cultivar Yellow Isfahan), a factorial experiment was conducted base on randomized complete block design with three replications at Razi University in year 2017. In this experiment, the first factor includes the time of split of nitrogen fertilizer (based on soil test, which includes 500 kg urea per hectare) in six levels including control, total fertilization at the time of transplantation, half fertilization at the time of transplantation, third fertilization at the time of transplantation, half fertilization at the time of transplantation+ half fertilization at the time of bulb initiation, third fertilization at the time of transplantation+ third fertilization at the time of bulb initiation+ third fertilization at the time of bulb growth and three levels of selenium (0, 10 and 50 mg.L-1 sodium selenate). The highest yield (21.44 Kg.m-2), fresh weight (251.83 g.bulb-1), the bulb length (84.19 mm), bulb diameter (78.66 mm), total phenol (19.87 mg.g-1 FW: fresh weight), total phenol (19.87 mg.g-1 FW: fresh weight), total flavonoid (9.30 mg.g-1 FW: fresh weight) and antioxidant activity (11.44 %) of the onion bulb were observed with nitrogen application of in three stages (third fertilization recommended at the time of transplantation+ third fertilization at the time of bulb initiation+ third fertilization at the time of bulb growth). Selenium had a positive effect on yield, fresh weight, length and diameter of bulb and total flavonoid in onion. Therefore, use of sodium selenate along with nitrogen plays an important role in improvement the growth and physiological characteristics of onion such as bulb dry weight (84.73 g.bulb-1) and nitrogen use efficiency (1 Kg.mg-1 DW: dry weight). In conclusion, split application of of 500 kg.ha-1 urea at the time transplantation, bulb initiation and bulb formation equally one third in each stage, and 50 mg.L-1 sodium selenate can be recommended for onion production.
